Chemical looping combustion of hard coal in a 1 MWth pilot plant using ilmenite as oxygen carrier

Ströhle, Jochen; Orth, Matthias; Epple, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.06.035

Cited by 150 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…With the exception of a 25 kW unit using a moving bed fuel reactor [22], they all use fluidized beds. The largest are a 3 MW unit that has been operating with CaSO 4 /CaS as oxygen carrier [23]; a 1 MW unit operated with ilmenite [24]; a 100 kW unit with several publications covering operation of various fuels and oxygen carriers, modelling and mass balances; and a 50 kW unit recently taken into operation [25]. The 1 and 3 MW units have both demonstrated autothermal operation.…”

Section: Operational Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

A 1000 MWth boiler for chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels – Discussion of design and costs

2015

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h i g h l i g h t sChemical-Looping Combustion (CLC) is a novel combustion technology for CO 2 capture. CLC avoids large costs and energy penalties of gas separation for CO 2 capture. A scale-up of CLC technology for solid fuels to 1000 MW th is investigated. CLC technology is similar to CFB technology. Estimated cost of CLC with capture relative to CFB without capture is 20 €/tonne CO 2 . a b s t r a c tMore than 2000 h of solid-fuel CLC operation in a number of smaller pilot units clearly indicate that the concept works. A scale-up of the technology to 1000 MW th is investigated in terms of mass and heat balances, flows, solids inventories, boiler dimensions and the major differences between a full-scale Circulating Fluidized-Bed (CFB) boiler and a Chemical-Looping Combustion CFB (CLC-CFB). Furthermore, the additional cost of CLC-CFB relative to CFB technology is analysed and found to be 20 €/tonne CO 2 . The largest cost is made up of compression of CO 2 , which is common to all capture technologies. Although the need for oxygen to manage incomplete conversion is estimated to be only a tenth of that of oxy-fuel combustion, oxygen production is nonetheless the second largest cost. Other significant costs include oxygen-carrier material, increased boiler cost and steam for fluidization of the fuel reactor.

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Section: Operational Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

A 1000 MWth boiler for chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels – Discussion of design and costs

2015

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“…Concerns about the performance of CLC in a redox fashion include the difficulties to maintain autothermal operation. For example, the world's largest ilmenite‐based CLC plant of 1 MW th driven by coal has failed to demonstrate autothermal operation, and supplemental propane‐fired heat is supplied to maintain the reaction temperature of the FR at 900 °C …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Cofiring of Methane and Biosyngas for Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power Generation with Zero Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Shen

Zhang

2017

Energy Tech

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A new chemical looping combustion (CLC) of biosyngas and methane in a system with combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) is presented. The aim of the integration of CLC into the CCHP system is to obtain zero CO2 emissions and to reduce exergy destruction within the combustion process. With the increase in the biomass‐to‐methane mass ratio from 0 to 1 (referred to as 100 %), the total energy output increases from 637.17 to 746.62 kW, and there is a simultaneous reduction of both the energy and exergy efficiencies from 91.70 to 82.10 % and from 43.32 to 37.84 %, respectively. However, the primary energy savings ratio benefits from an increase of the biomass mass ratio (from 0 to 1) and increases from 42.80 to 46.36 %. Furthermore, a conventional CCHP system is developed and simulated for comparison. To discuss the feasibility of this process, the effect of the gas conversion ratio in the CLC system on the overall efficiency was analyzed and the autothermal operation strategy of CLC was considered.

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“…If we look at the absolute values of the oxygen demand, which are all below 2 %, it can be stated that the reactor system converts the gases from the fuel gasification for both fuels successfully. This is mainly because of the effect of the FR design as other plants with only a single stage tend to have significantly higher oxygen demands of around 20 %.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…operated a pilot plant for gaseous fuels with a rated power of 120 kW. A big solid fuel CLC plant is operated at TU Darmstadt with a rated power of 1 MW . Even bigger is the Alstom plant in the USA with a power of 3 MW that runs on calcium sulfate as the OC…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a Two‐Stage Fuel Reactor System for the Chemical‐Looping Combustion of Lignite and Bituminous Coal

et al. 2016

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To investigate the influence of the fuel characteristics on the conversion behavior in a chemical‐looping combustion facility, lignite coal dust (d90,3=233 μm) and two fractions of bituminous coal with different particle sizes (fine fraction d90,3=163 μm, coarse fraction d50,3=707 μm) were used as solid fuel. To improve the conversion performance, a pilot plant with a rated power of 25 kW was constructed with a two‐stage fuel reactor. The influence of the fuel composition, particle size, and the presence/absence of elemental oxygen on the conversion in the fuel reactor are presented. The used oxygen carrier was produced by the impregnation of γ‐alumina oxide with copper oxide, which is able to release gaseous oxygen, but loses this ability because of deactivation. The lignite dust shows a very good conversion performance and carbon capture efficiencies over 95 % as well as oxygen demands below 2 %. Both bituminous coal fractions have a good performance with regard to fuel conversion and oxygen demand but they suffer from a high carbon slip. Hence the carbon capture efficiency is around 60 % for the fine fraction and 40 % for the coarse one. The performance improvement as a result of the second stage was investigated separately, and we proved that it enhances the overall conversion. In addition, the oxygen carrier generated a favorable reaction environment by releasing elemental oxygen in the second stage of the fuel reactor.

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Chemical looping combustion of hard coal in a 1 MWth pilot plant using ilmenite as oxygen carrier

Cited by 150 publications

References 23 publications

A 1000 MWth boiler for chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels – Discussion of design and costs

A 1000 MWth boiler for chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels – Discussion of design and costs

Investigation of the Cofiring of Methane and Biosyngas for Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power Generation with Zero Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Analysis of a Two‐Stage Fuel Reactor System for the Chemical‐Looping Combustion of Lignite and Bituminous Coal

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