Chemical derivatization in electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis of surface functional groups introduced on low-density polyethylene film

Surface characterization of air plasma treated poly vinylidene fluoride and poly methyl methacrylate films

“…It is well known that treatment of polymer films in gaseous plasma incorporates hydrophilic functionality, for example, treatment in nitrogen plasma incorporates nitro and primary amino groups at the surface [41,42], treatment in oxygen plasma incorporates hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid functional group [43]. Air plasma treatment gives the combined effect of oxygen and nitrogen plasma.…”

Characterization of commercially available PAN (polyacrylonitri1e)-based carbon fibers

“…The purpose of the chemical modification is to convert a specific functional group to a chemical species which is easier to discriminate sensitively and to quantify by XPS. Fig.24 indicates typical chemical modification reactions favorable to use on functional groups on HT surface (25). Combined use of these reactions can differentiate three kinds of functional groups and quantify them more sensitively by using the Fis signal of reagents.…”

Amperimetric Biosensor Based on Carbon Nanotube and Plasma Polymer

“…The resulting film is sometimes different from that of the original monomer structure, because the plasma polymerization process involves fragmentation and reorganization in the presence of highly energetic active species. Therefore, plasma control during the production of biomedical PPs is the central issue; for example, the acetonitrile PP surface and surfaces prepared by plasma treatment of nitrogen (Everhart & Reilley, 1981), ammonia (Hollahan et al, 1969), and a mixture of N 2 /H 2 (Meyer-Plath et al, 2003) gas have amino groups, despite the original monomers having no amino groups. Chemical derivative X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS) surface analysis and infrared (IR) spectroscopy of acetonitrile have shown that surface nitrogen is present not only as amino groups, but also as other nitrogen-based functional groups, such as C-NH-C, C-N=N-C, -C=N-, and -CN Muguruma, 2008).…”