Chemical degradation of five elastomeric seal materials in a simulated and an accelerated PEM fuel cell environment

Lin, Ching‐Chih; Chien, Chi‐Hui; Tan, Jinzhu; Chao, Yuh J.; Zee, J. W. Van

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.10.012

Cited by 78 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The aim is (a) to investigate the degree of chemical degradation and degradation mechanisms for the silicone rubber samples exposed to four different acidic test solutions at the temperature of 70 C for PEM fuel cells, and (b) to understand the effect of acid on the degradation for the PEM fuel cells. One regular solution (RS), similar to the real PEM fuel cell environment which has the PH value ranged from 3 to 4 [15,16] and three accelerated durability test (ADT) solutions were used. The ADT solutions were used for short-term, accelerated aging tests on the silicone rubber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical aging of the silicone rubber in a simulated and three accelerated proton exchange membrane fuel cell environments

Tan

Gong

2012

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical aging of the silicone rubber in a simulated and three accelerated proton exchange membrane fuel cell environments

Tan

Gong

2012

Journal of Power Sources

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“…This is probably expected as measurements were carried out under different operating conditions and for different fuel cell component designs. Furthermore, some durability measurements [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] were made of individual components rather than of the complete cell unit. Thus, the effect of degradation on the neighbouring components which consequently affects the life-time of the entire cell will not be represented.…”

Section: Technology Development Organisation (Nedo) and The Europeanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation aspects of water formation and transport in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell: A review

Ous

Arcoumanis

2013

Journal of Power Sources

132

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link AbstractThis review paper summarises the key aspects of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) degradation that are associated with water formation, retention, accumulation, and transport mechanisms within the cell. Issues related to loss of active surface area of the catalyst, ionomer dissolution, membrane swelling, ice formation, corrosion, and contamination are also addressed and discussed. The impact of each of these water mechanisms on cell performance and durability was found to be different and to vary according to the design of the cell and its operating conditions. For example, the presence of liquid water within Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), as a result of water accumulation, can be detrimental if the operating temperature of the cell drops to sub-freezing.The volume expansion of liquid water due to ice formation can damage the morphology of different parts of the cell and may shorten its life-time. This can be more serious, for example, during the water transport mechanism where migration of Pt particles from the catalyst may take place after detachment from the carbon support. Furthermore, the effect of transport mechanism could be augmented if humid reactant gases containing impurities poison the membrane, leading to the same outcome as water retention or accumulation.Overall, the impact of water mechanisms can be classified as aging or catastrophic. Aging has a longterm impact over the duration of the PEMFC life-time whereas in the catastrophic mechanism the impact is immediate. The conversion of cell residual water into ice at sub-freezing temperatures by the water retention/ accumulation mechanism and the access of poisoning contaminants through the water transport mechanism are considered to fall into the catastrophic category. The effect of water mechanisms on PEMFC degradation can be reduced or even eliminated by (a) using advanced materials for improving the electrical, chemical and mechanical stability of the cell components against deterioration, and (b) implementing effective strategies for water management in the cell.

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“…During the operation of PEMFCS, leakage cannot be neglected, as it not only affects the electrochemical performance of the cell, but also reduces its lifetime. Even worse, it may cause unexpected accidents owing to the mixing of hydrogen and oxygen [ 8 ]. Sealing materials should possess the ability of excellent stability and reliability under long-term operation of PEMFC [ 6 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even worse, it may cause unexpected accidents owing to the mixing of hydrogen and oxygen [ 8 ]. Sealing materials should possess the ability of excellent stability and reliability under long-term operation of PEMFC [ 6 , 8 , 9 ]. Elastomeric seals in PEMFC are exposed to the surroundings of hydrogen, humidified air and acidic environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Silicone Rubbers as Sealing Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells under Temperature Cycling

Chen

Yan

et al. 2018

Polymers

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Gaskets are compressed in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to keep fuel, oxidant and coolant within their respective regions and are very important for sealing and maintaining electrochemical performance of fuel cells during their long-term operation. It has been proved that the gas leakage caused by the failure of the gaskets following long-term operation is one of the main reasons for PEMFC performance degradation. In this work, degradation of silicone rubbers, the potential gasket materials for PEMFCs, were investigated in the simulated PEMFC environment solution, weak acid solution, de-ionized water and air, respectively, under alternating temperature cycling from −20 • C to 90 • C. The changes in hardness, weight, chemical properties, mechanical behavior and surface morphology of the samples of silicone rubbers were studied after a certain number of temperature cycles. The results show that with the increase in temperature cycles, the hardness of the samples increases and the weight of the samples decreases gradually. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that cracks and caves constantly appear on the surface of the samples. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectra (ATR-FTIR) results demonstrate that the surface chemistry changes via de-crosslinking and chain scission in the backbone due to the exposure of samples to the environments over time under alternating temperature cycles.

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Chemical degradation of five elastomeric seal materials in a simulated and an accelerated PEM fuel cell environment

Cited by 78 publications

References 46 publications

Chemical aging of the silicone rubber in a simulated and three accelerated proton exchange membrane fuel cell environments

Chemical aging of the silicone rubber in a simulated and three accelerated proton exchange membrane fuel cell environments

Degradation aspects of water formation and transport in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell: A review

Degradation of Silicone Rubbers as Sealing Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells under Temperature Cycling

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