Chemical Constituents from Leaves of <i>Hydrangea serrata</i> and Their Anti-photoaging Effects on UVB-Irradiated Human Fibroblasts

Abstract

Hydrangea serrata (THUNB.) SER. (Hydrangeaceae) leaves have been used as herbal teas in Korea and Japan. The objective of this study was to identify anti-photoaging compounds in aqueous EtOH extract prepared from leaves of H. serrata and their effects on UVB-irradiated Hs68 human foreskin fibroblasts. Phytochemical study on H. serrata leaves led to the isolation and characterization of ten compounds: hydrangenol, thunberginol A, thunberginol C, hydrangenoside A, hydrangenoside C, cudrabibenzyl A, 2,3,4′-trihydroxystilbene, thunberginol F, quercetin 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl (1-2)-β-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-β-Dxylopyranosyl (1-2)-β-D-glucopyranoside. Cudrabibenzyl A, 2,3,4′-trihydroxystilbene, quercetin 3-O-β-Dxylopyranosyl (1-2)-β-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl (1-2)-β-D-glucopyranoside were firstly isolated from H. serrata. We estimated the effects of 10 compounds on cell viability and production of pro-collagen Type I, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and hyaluronic acid (HA) after UVB irradiation. Of these compounds, hydrangenol showed potent preventive activities against reduced cell viability and degradation of pro-collagen Type I in UVB-irradiated Hs68 fibroblasts. Hydrangenol had outstanding inductive activities on HA production. It suppressed mRNA expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-3, hyaluronidase (HYAL)-1, HYAL-2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1β in UVB-irradiated Hs68 fibroblasts. When Hs68 fibroblasts were exposed to hydrangenol after UVB irradiation, UVB-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was suppressed. Hydrangenol also inhibited the activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and signal transduction and activation of transcription 1 (STAT-1) by downregulating phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Our data indicate that hydrangenol isolated from H. serrata leaves has potential protective effects on UVB-induced skin photoaging.

Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. Extract Attenuate UVB-Induced Photoaging through MAPK/AP-1 Inactivation in Human Skin Fibroblasts and Hairless Mice

“…Our recent phytochemical study showed that a variety of compounds isolated from H. serrata possess anti-photoaging activity in UVB-exposed human fibroblasts. Among these compounds, hydrangenol has potential protective effects on cell viability, production of procollagen type I, MMP-1, and pro-inflammatory cytokines [17]. Based on our previous report, we concluded that H. serrata may have the potential for application as a beneficial natural anti-photoaging agent.…”

Oral Intake of Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. Leaves Extract Improves Wrinkles, Hydration, Elasticity, Texture, and Roughness in Human Skin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

“…Therefore, it appeared that the efficacy of pre-clinical and clinical trials could differ. Although the underlying mechanisms by which WHS improves skin wrinkles, hydration, elasticity, texture, and roughness were not investigated in this clinical trial, we suggest that the WHS supplement may have a positive effect on collagen decomposition based on the previous in vitro and in vivo studies [ 7 ]. Additionally, these preventive skin aging effects of WHS may be mediated through the anti-oxidative activities of hydrangenol, an active-constituent of H. serrata .…”

“…Hydrangea leaves have been consumed as traditional herbal tea and medicine in its native far-east Asian countries, including Korea, China, and Japan, and are known to have a distinctive mint-flavored sweet taste [ 29 ]. Hydrangea is native to the Korean mountains known as “San-su-guk, Mountain Hydrangea, or Tea of Heaven.” Our phytochemical study showed that a variety of compounds (hydrangenol, thunberginol A, thunberginol C, hydrangenoside A, hydrangenoside C, cudrabibenzyl A, 2,3,4′-trihydroxystilbene, thunberginol F, quercetin 3- O - β -D-xylopyranosyl (1–2)- β -D-galactopyranoside, quercetin 3- O - β -Dxylopyranosyl (1–2)- β -D-glucopyranoside, cudrabibenzyl A, 2,3,4′-trihydroxystilbene, quercetin 3- O - β -Dxylopyranosyl (1–2)- β -D-galactopyranoside, and quercetin 3- O - β -D-xylopyranosyl (1–2)- β -D-glucopyranoside) isolated from H. serrata possess anti-photoaging activity in UVB-exposed human fibroblasts [ 7 ]. Of these various compounds, hydrangenol was found to possesses potential protective effects on anti-photoaging properties in vitro and in vivo and then used as an active indicator compound [ 7 , 30 ].…”

“…Moreover, a similar trend has been observed with hydrangenol, an effective indicator component of WHS [ 30 ]. Hydrangenol downregulates hyaluronidases (HYALs), which perform to decompose HA in the Hs68 human foreskin fibroblasts and UVB-irradiated hairless mice [ 7 , 30 ]. In addition, aquaporin-3, which serves to transport water and glycerol in the skin [ 31 ], is upregulated by hydrangenol in an animal model [ 30 ].…”

“…Hydrangea plants have a variety of bioactive compounds such as dihydroisocoumarins, secoiridoids, and stilbenes (hydrangenol, phyllodulcin, macrophylloside, and their glucosides) [ 5 , 6 ]. Among these compounds, we previously reported that hydrangenol, a dihydroisocoumarin, possesses potential protective effects on cell viability, production of procollagen type I, MMP-1, and pro-inflammatory cytokines [ 7 ]. Moreover, it has been reported that hydrangenol exhibits anti-inflammatory [ 8 ], anti-microbial [ 9 ], anti-diabetic [ 10 ], anti-allergic [ 11 ], antimalarial [ 12 ], and anti-cancer activities [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”