Chemical Constituents and Antioxidant and Biological Activities of the Essential Oil from Leaves of Solanum spirale

Abstract

The essential oil of the leaves Solanum spirale Roxb. was isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed for the first time using GC and GC-MS. Thirty-nine constituents were identified, constituting 73.36% of the total chromatographical oil components. (E)-Phytol (48.10%), n-hexadecanoic acid (7.34%), -selinene (3.67%), α-selinene (2.74%), octadecanoic acid (2.12%) and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (2.00%) were the major components of this oil. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was evaluated by using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The oil exhibited week antioxidant activity with an IC 50 of 41.89 mg/mL. The essential oil showed significant antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values of 43.0 g/mL and 21.5 g/mL, respectively. It also showed significant cytotoxicity against KB (oral cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and NCI-H187 (small cell lung cancer) with the IC 50 values of 26.42, 19.69, and 24.02 µg/mL, respectively.

Comparative Study of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Inhibition of Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Enzymes, and Antioxidant Potentials of Essential Oil from Peels and Seeds of Sweet Orange (Citrus Sinensis [L.] Osbeck) Fruits

“…Although the reason for the higher inhibition of MDA production by the seed essential oils could not be ascertained in this study, we suggested that the presence of volatile unsaturated fatty acids present in the seed essential oils (Table 1) might have contributed immensely to the higher MDA inhibitory potential. This suggestion is in line with Wei et al (2011) and Keawsa-Ard et al (2012) in their separate studies that unsaturated fatty acids have antioxidative properties.…”

“…() and Keawsa‐Ard et al . () in their separate studies that unsaturated fatty acids have antioxidative properties.…”

Determination of antioxidant potential of Acacia nilotica leaf extract in oxidative stress response system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…phytol, α ‐tocopherol, fatty acids and fatty acid esters in large quantities (Table ). The presence of phytol suggests the prolific antioxidant, antiradical and antityrosinase property of A. nilotica corresponding to higher efficacy in radical scavenging in vitro and in the stress response mechanism in S. cerevisiae mutants . In addition to phytol, the presence of α ‐tocopherol also significantly enhances the antioxidant potential by effective neutralization of oxidative stress generated by H 2 O 2 .…”

Antimicrobial activity of Aspilia latissima (Asteraceae)

“…Bioautography was performed to identify antimicrobial compounds and simplify the isolation process ( Rahalison et al ., 1991 ). The presence of n- hexadecanoic acid in L-A contributed to its antibacterial activity against S. aureus and, in previous work, plants containing this fatty acid had exhibited strong activity against S. aureus and other Gram-positive bacteria ( Keawsa-ard et al ., 2012 ; Pasdaran et al ., 2012 ; Yagi et al ., 2012 ).…”