Chemical Compounds and Biological Activity of an Extract From Bougainvillea X Buttiana (Var. Rose) Holttum and Standl

Abstract

Objective: A Bougainvillea x buttiana (var. Rose) Holttum and Standl extract (BxbREE) was prepared and its chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated. Methods:For the analyses of the phytochemical compounds present in BxbREE extract, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used. To explore the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, total phenolic contents, carbohydrates, lipids and carrageenan-induce paw edema models, respectively, were used. For in vivo experiments, the extract was orally, intraperitoneally and/or subcutaneously administered at doses of 0.04, 0.4, 4 and 40 mg/kg.Results: GC/MS analyses showed the presence of 7 compounds, including 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-, (E)-(1.19%); 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol (0.22%); 3-O-Methyl-d-glucose (92.14%); n-Hexadecanoic acid (0.76%); Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (1.17%); 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester (1.93%); and 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester (Z,Z,Z) (2.59%). Phytochemical qualitative analysis showed the presence of total phenolic contents at 320 mg of Gallic acid Equivalent/gram of dried extract (GA-Eq/g extract); carbohydrates 5.18 mg/ml and lipids 13.88 mg/ml. In accordance the structures the major compound was 3-O-Methyl-d-glucose. Our results also clearly indicate that BxbREE decreases inflammation in BALB/c mice as a subplantar injection of carrageenan-induced paw edema. The extract presented a potent dose-dependent inhibitory effect. The edema inhibition percentage was significantly lower in groups of animals treated with BxbREE by via intraperitoneal or subcutaneous when compared with those results obtained for groups treated by orally administration (p<0.001). Conclusion:In conclusion, this study established the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Bougainvillea x buttiana (var. Rose); also, this extract could be considered to be a natural anti-oxidant agent that represents an anti-inflammatory remedy.

An in Silico Study of Naringenin-Mediated Neuroprotection in Parkinson’s Disease

“…Furthermore, investigation of binding sites within DJ-1 gives a better idea for a valuable drug target site with highest binding and interaction affinity. Based on in vivo experimentation, the most effective compound in modulating E3 ligase activity of DJ-1 was found to be naringenin having minimum binding constant K b and highest negative free energy of binding with maximum interacting surface area in a course of docking studies [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Bougainvillea Genus: A Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology

“…There are no studies described in the literature regarding the traditional use of the other species and hybrids of Bougainvillea in medicine. However, the hybrid B. x buttiana was confused with B. buttiana since both are distributed and reported in Morelos, Mexico, and both are used to treat cough and whooping cough [ 5 , 28 , 29 ].…”

“…The analgesic activity was described in two species of B. glabra [ 48 ] and B. x buttiana ; in both cases the oral administration was evaluated [ 29 , 49 ]. For methanol extracts of B. glabra , the maximum percentage of analgesia effect obtained using the tail method in male Wistar rats was 79.88% [ 48 ].…”

“…Rose) ethanol extract was determined after oral administration in BALB/c mice using the acetic acid, tail immersion, and formalin models. For all of the methods used, the extract showed a potent analgesic effect [ 29 ].…”

“…In another study, the anti-inflammatory effect was obtained in BALB/c female mice orally treated with ethanol extract of bracts and flowers from B. x buttiana (var. Rose) [ 28 ].…”