Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities of four different Anatolian propolis samples

Abstract

Propolis means a gum that is gathered by bees from various plants. It is known for its biological properties, having antibacterial, antifungal and healing properties. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four different Anatolian propolis samples on different groups of microorganisms including some oral pathogens and comparison between their chemical compositions. Ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) were prepared from four different Anatolian propolis samples and examined whether EEP inhibit the growth of the test microorganisms or not. For the antimicrobial activity assays, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by using macrodilution method. The MIC values of the most effective propolis (TB) were 2 microg/ml for Streptococcus sobrinus and Enterococcus faecalis, 4 microg/ml for Micrococcus luteus, Candida albicans and C. krusei, 8 microg/ml for Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterobacter aerogenes, 16 microg/ml for Escherichia coli and C. tropicalis and 32 microg/ml for Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The chemical compositions of EEP's were determined by high-temperature high-resolution gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The main compounds of four Anatolian propolis samples were flavonoids such as pinocembrin, pinostropin, isalpinin, pinobanksin, quercetin, naringenin, galangine and chrysin. Although propolis samples were collected from different regions of Anatolia all showed significant antimicrobial activity against the Gram positive bacteria and yeasts. Propolis can prevent dental caries since it demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and C. albicans, which involves in oral diseases.

In vitro effectiveness of Brazilian brown propolis against Enterococcus faecalis

“…14,15,17,18,19 In this study, broth microdilution was conducted to determine the MIC of brown propolis against E. faecalis, which was 1000 mg/mL. By contrast, lower MIC values against E. faecalis were observed for other types of propolis, such as 4 mg/mL of the Turkey TB propolis, 20 340 mg/mL of the Iran propolis, 19 and higher values of 6,425 mg/mL for the propolis from southern Brazil. 21 In addition, different MIC values were observed for Brazilian green propolis against several microorganisms, including Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (20.8 mg/mL), Porphyromonas gingivalis (294.4 mg/mL), Fusobacterium nucleatum (256 mg/mL), and Prevotella melaninogenica (204.8 mg/mL).…”

Antioxidant and Anti-cancer Cell Proliferation Activity of Propolis Extracts from Two Extraction Methods

“…Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, Tenia versicolor and Aspergillus flavus were also inhibited by propolis. Moreover propolis inhibited viruses including avian influenza virus and herpes simplex virus type 1 (Amoros et al, 1994;Kujumgiev et al, 1999;Uzel et al, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.11.6991 Antioxidant and Anti-cancer The extraction of propolis using maceration and sonication affected biological properties of propolis especially antioxidant activity, antiproliferative activity, total phenolic and flavonoid compound contents. These two methods gave the different active compounds.…”

Systemic propolis stimulates new bone formation at the expanded suture

“…12 Uzel et al 29 investigated the chemical components of four different Anatolian propolis samples; the one from the Trabzon region (European-Siberian, phytogeographic region) had been found to contain the highest concentrations of pinocembrin (a flavonoid compound).…”