Chemical Composition, Morphological Characteristics, and Cell Wall Structure of Malaysian Oil Palm Fibers

Khalil, H. P. S. Abdul; Alwani, M. Siti; Ridzuan, R.; Kamarudin, H.; Khairul, A.

doi:10.1080/03602550701866840

Cited by 170 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For particle sizes of 150 µm, OPT exhibited the longest fiber length (1910 µm), followed by OPF (1827 µm) and EFB (1242 µm). Similar observations have been reported by Abdul Khalil et al (2008). Fiber length was reduced by half after 12 h in [emim][Cl] (Fig.…”

Section: Fiber Lengthsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of Ionic Liquids on Oil Palm Biomass Fiber Dissolution

et al. 2016

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Ionic liquids (ILs) were used in the dissolution of oil palm biomass, primarily empty fruit bunches (EFB), oil palm fronds (OPF), and oil palm trunks (OPT). These ILs acted as alternative solvents that could dissolve biopolymer molecules up to 5 wt.%. The IL, [emim][OAc] was the best solvent, dissolving EFB, OPF, and OPT of 99%, 100%, and 97%, respectively, at 100 ⁰C and 16 h. The lignin content of the regenerated oil palm solids for all biomass was quantified and showed significant reduction up to 35%; fiber length was also reduced as the heating time increased after IL dissolution. Also, the effect of ILs on the different parts of oil palm biomass fibers was thoroughly studied. The lignin content was quantified.

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Section: Fiber Lengthsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of Ionic Liquids on Oil Palm Biomass Fiber Dissolution

et al. 2016

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“…Furthermore, also in comparison to other lignocellulosic materials, with the exception of bamboo (Zhang et al 2015), the leaf sheath fiber (LSF) contained the highest percentage of holocellulose (89.5%) and α-cellulose contents (78.2%). In pulp and paper technology, the strength of paper depends on the content of cellulose in the plant source material (Khalil et al 2008). This indicated that the LSF has the potential for better mechanical properties.…”

Section: Chemical Compositions Of Windmill Palm Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extractive content was highest in LB (8.65%) compared to the other materials. The high extractive and water-soluble contents were considered to play a negative role in paper production by reducing the pulp yield, and also may have a negative impact on chemical and mechanical pulping (Khalil et al 2008).…”

Section: Chemical Compositions Of Windmill Palm Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscopic Structural Features and Properties of Single Fibers from Different Morphological Parts of the Windmill Palm

Chen¹,

Sun²,

Chen³

et al. 2017

BioResources

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The chemical, morphological, physical, and thermal properties of raw materials and single fibers extracted from different morphological parts of windmill palm were examined and comprehensively characterized after an alkali treatment. Leaf sheathes (LS) with the highest cellulose content (52.26%) achieved the most efficient extraction of fibers. Single fibers extracted from the vascular bundles of the windmill palm raw material had a slender shape with a tapering and sealing terminus, with each single fiber possessing a lumen in its cross-section. These windmill palm fibers displayed similar chemical compositions, but they exhibited significant differences in morphological parameters. Leaf blade fibers (LBFs) had the longest length (1240 μm ± 470 μm) and highest aspect ratio (121.39), which presented excellent potential as a reinforced fiber. After the alkali treatment, almost all of the hemicelluloses and lignin were removed, which resulted in increased crystallinity of extracted fibers. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed LS stability up to 319 °C, which was higher than that of other materials from windmill palm.

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“…It was observed that all the oil palm biomass exhibited high cellulose content, which is an advantage for its suitability as alternative source to cotton or microcrystalline cellulose for the extraction of CNWs (Law et al 2007;Abdul Khalil et al 2008;Hashim et al 2010). OPF vascular bundles have lower lignin and hemicellulose contents compared to the other fibrous oil palm biomass; this is an added advantage for easy extraction of CNWs.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydrolysis Treatment on Cellulose Nanowhiskers from Oil Palm (Elaeis guineesis) Fronds: Morphology, Chemical, Crystallinity, and Thermal Characteristics

et al. 2016

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Oil palm fronds biomass was used as a source for isolation of cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW), and its subsequent characterization was done. Non-cellulosic components such as lignin, hemicellulose, and pectin were removed from the biomass by chemimechanical alkaline hydrogen peroxide method followed by sulphuric acid hydrolysis having different time duration of hydrolysis. Apart from the progressive reduction in peaks characteristic of hemicellulose and lignin dissolution, FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed that there were no significant variations in peak positions, signifying that the hydrolysis did not affect the chemical structure of CNW. FESEM showed that there was gradual reduction in the aggregated structure of fiber due to bleaching. Nanoscale structure of CNW was revealed by TEM. XRD analysis revealed that the natural structure of cellulose I polymorph was maintained irrespective of the hydrolysis time. High thermal stability and aspect ratio of the extracted CNW demonstrated its suitability as a reinforcement material in nanocomposites.

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Chemical Composition, Morphological Characteristics, and Cell Wall Structure of Malaysian Oil Palm Fibers

Cited by 170 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Ionic Liquids on Oil Palm Biomass Fiber Dissolution

Effect of Ionic Liquids on Oil Palm Biomass Fiber Dissolution

Microscopic Structural Features and Properties of Single Fibers from Different Morphological Parts of the Windmill Palm

Effect of Hydrolysis Treatment on Cellulose Nanowhiskers from Oil Palm (Elaeis guineesis) Fronds: Morphology, Chemical, Crystallinity, and Thermal Characteristics

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