Chemical composition, energy, and amino acid digestibility in 7 cottonseed co-products fed to growing pigs

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, DE and ME contents, and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in 7 cottonseed co-products fed to growing pigs. The 7 cottonseed co-products were: cottonseed meals (solvent extracted) with CP level of 46%, 50%, and 55% (46CSM, 50CSM, and 55CSM), cottonseed protein with CP level of 50% and 55% (50CSP and 55CSP), fermented cottonseed meal (CSMF), and expelled cottonseed meal (CSME). The DE and ME contents of the 7 test ingredients were measured using 48 crossbreed barrows (BW: 44.1 ± 4.2 kg) and 8 diets (including a corn-soybean meal basal diet) in a completely randomized design. The AID and SID of AA of the 7 test ingredients were determined using 7 crossbreed barrows (initial BW: 67.4 ± 8.5 kg) in a 6 × 8 Youden square design with 6 periods and 8 diets (including one N-free diet). The DE and ME values of the 7 cottonseed co-products varied from 12.72 to 15.63 MJ/kg and 12.24 to 14.83 MJ/kg, respectively. Among the 7 cottonseed co-products, 55CSP and CSME had the greatest (P < 0.05) ME and DE values compared to the other cottonseed co-products. In addition, 55CSP had the greatest (P < 0.05) AID and SID of all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. In contrast, 46CSM or 55CSM had the lowest (P < 0.05) AID and SID of all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. The 55CSP also had the greatest (P < 0.05) concentrations of standardized ileal digestible CP and all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. In conclusion, the chemical composition, energy, and AA digestibility of cottonseed co-products with different processing techniques varied widely. Based on the energy and AA digestibility, cottonseed protein with CP level of 55% is a better dietary ingredient for growing pigs compared with the other cottonseed co-products.

Effects of Replacing Fishmeal and Soybean Protein Concentrate with Degossypolized Cottonseed Protein in Diets on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Intestinal Morphology, Cecum Microbiome and Fermentation of Weaned Piglets

“…In the current study, DCP contained more Arg and Met and less Lys than FM and SPC; this finding was consistent with previous studies [1,8]. After the removal procedure, the free gossypol in DCP was significantly lower than that in CSM reported in previous literature with an average value of 300.94 mg/kg [16]. In addition, the tolerable level of free gossypol in growing-finishing pig diets was 100 mg/kg [17] and not reported in nursery pigs.…”

Basal diet and indigestible marker influence apparent digestibilities of nitrogen and amino acids of cottonseed meal and soybean meal in pigs

“…Cotton is grown in many parts of the world with global production of cotton seeds being 44 million tonnes per year which, after removal of oil, hulls and lint, provides approximately 15 million tonnes of cottonseed meal available for livestock (Soy and Oilseed Bluebook, 2015). However, cottonseed meal (CSM) can be of variable quality and in general has a poorer amino acid digestibility and availability than other oilseed meals (Prawirodigdo et al., 1998, Gonzalez-Vega and Stein, 2012, Ma et al., 2018), although the use of CSM in pig diets has been little researched (Stein et al., 2016).…”

“…For instance, protein digestibility in piglets was more dependent upon the amino acid profile of the protein source rather than on other components in the diet including carbohydrates (Turlington et al., 1989). Moreover, wide variations in dietary protein content may influence the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) or total tract (ATTD) of nitrogen (N) or amino acids in growing pigs (Fan et al., 1994, Ma et al., 2018). Variation in processing technique can also contribute to variation in AID.…”

“…Variation in processing technique can also contribute to variation in AID. For instance, Ma et al. (2018) found that cottonseed co-products treated using a range of different processing technologies also resulted in widely varying AID.…”

An automatically progressed computer-controlled simulated digestion system to predict digestible and metabolizable energy of unconventional plant protein meals for growing pigs

“…Similarly, Li et al. (2012) reported positive linear relationships between DE or ME and concentrations of CP and EE in cottonseed meal for growing pigs, and Ma et al. (2018) reported that DE increased from 3,152 to 3,702 kcal/kg of DM as the CP concentration of 5 cottonseed meals increased from 460 to 550 g/kg.…”