Chemical composition and biological activity of the essential oil from the root of Jatropha pelargoniifolia Courb. native to Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The chemical composition of the essential oil from Jatropha pelargoniifolia roots was determined via GC-FID. There were 80 compounds, representing 99.99% of the total oil constituents. Among these, 77.31% were sesquiterpenes, 14.62% were fatty acids, 7.21% were other components (i.e., phenolics, hydrocarbons, etc.), and 0.85% were monoterpenes. The major compounds in the oil were γ-eudesmol (35.31%), 5-guaien-11-ol (14.43%), epi-cedrol (8.19%), oleic acid (5.23%), bulnesol (4.45%), α-linoleic acid (4.20%), 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (3.83%), palmitic acid (2.69%), isolongifolanone (2.68%), eicosane (1.41%), and cedrol (1.14%). Oxygenated sesquiterpenes were found to represent more than 50% percent of the total oil content. Moreover, the essential oil was evaluated for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, and antinociceptive activities using in vivo and in vitro models. Additionally, the antioxidant potential of the oil was evaluated using various in vitro antioxidant tests, including DPPH•, ABTS•+ and FRAP. At a dose of 240 µl/kg, the oil showed anti-inflammatory (59.12%), antipyretic (37.00 ± 0.11), and antinociceptive (47.58%) activities and showed significant (p < 0.001) effect as compared to a standard drug (phenylbutazone and indomethacin). These findings demonstrated that the essential oil of Jatropha pelargoniifolia root could be used as a natural source for their anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antipyretic, and antioxidant effects.

The antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition properties of essential oil from the peel of Chinese Torreya grandis Fort.

“…& Fourr. 22 Furthermore, these results from this study are comparable to earlier works on essential oil from date palm, 25 the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus 28 and the roots of Jatropha pelargoniifolia Courb., 39 which revealed prominent antioxidant properties.…”

Bridging the Chemical Profile and Biomedical Effects of Scutellaria edelbergii Essential Oils

“…The current findings were consistent with the literature presented by Uritu et al [ 92 ] for the Scutellaria species, as well as by Mondal et al [ 35 ], which described the analgesic significance in the leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and with the study presented by Chen et al [ 93 ], Sarmento-Neto et al [ 15 ], and Mishra et al [ 94 ], in which the EOs were extracted using the same hydro-distillation methods. By applying different oils extraction methods, the same plant yields different types of compounds; thus, the essential oils extracted via hydro-distillation were much more effective in curing pain as compared to the crude oils obtained through column chromatography of the n-hexane fraction as a part of the continuous studies earlier documented by Shah et al [ 31 ] The promising analgesic activity was depicted by the SEEO due to the presence of bioactive ingredients such as β-myrcene previously described by Surendran et al [ 28 ]; γ-eudesmole, as reflected in the literature of Aati et al [ 29 ]; tau-muurolol, documented by Hameed et al [ 95 ]; and some other bioactive compounds with the capacity to reduce pain. Furthermore, our data also matched with the findings of Liang et al [ 96 ]; the root EOs of Illicium lanceolatum and B. persicum EOs, as described by Hajhashemi et al [ 97 ], presented the significant potential to cure pain.…”

“…The EOs composition of the plant is influenced by climatic, topographic, edaphic, harvesting time, quality, and availability of water. The EOs of the genus Scutellaria mainly contain α-pinene, β-pinene, thymol, myrcene, linalool, sabinene, and γ-eudesmole, which are well known for their biomedical significance as reported by [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The crude extract and subfractions of the selected plant S. edelbergii , as well as its n-hexane extracted fatty acid esters, were found as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory agents [ 31 ].…”

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Essential Oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Leaf: In Vivo and in Silico Studies

“…46 γ-Eudesmol has shown substantial anti-inflammatory properties due to its numerous pharmacological activities. 47 Pinheiro et al found that the essential oil constituent α-eudesmol accounted for the inhibition of neurogenic inflammation. 48 These findings corroborate the anti-inflammatory capacity of E. camaldulensis essential oil constituents.…”