Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils from medicinal plants of Kazakhstan

Abstract

The composition of essential oils from leaves of Kazakhstan medicinal plants was analysed by GC-MS. The major compounds identified were 1,8-cineole (34.2%), myrcene (19.1%) and α-pinene (9.4%) in Ajania fruticulosa; 1,8-cineole (21.0%), β-thujone (11.0%), camphor (8.5%), borneol (7.3%) and α-thujone (6.5%), in Achillea nobilis; camphor (47.3%), 1,8-cineole (23.9%), camphene (9.8%) and β-thujone (6.0%) in Artemisia terrae-albae; 1,8-cineole(55.8%) and β-pinene (6.2%) in Hyssopus ambiguus; α-thuyene(46.3%) and δ-cadinene(6.3%) in Juniperus sibirica; sabinene (64%) in Juniperus sabina; and α-pinene (51.5%), β-phellandrene (11.2%) and δ-cadinene (6.3%) in Pinus sibirica. The essential oils did not show antifungal effect (MIC > 1.20 mg/mL) on Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus niger, while the oils from A. nobilis, A. terrae-albae, H. ambiguus and J. sabina exhibited moderate and moderate to weak antimicrobial activities on Fusarium verticillioides (MIC = 0.60 mg/mL) and Fusarium graminearum (MIC = 0.60-1.20 mg/mL), respectively. A principal component analysis associated the antifungal activity (r > 0.80, p = 0.05) with the presence of borneol, camphor, camphene, 1,8-cineole,α- and β-thujone, and of the oxygenated monoterpenes.

A Detailed Biological and Chemical Investigation of Sixteen Achillea Species’ Essential Oils via Chemometric Approach

“…In the studies of Sampietro et al., it was stated that A. nobilis species showed moderate antimicrobial activity which is in parallel with our study. Also in the study of Karaalp et al., various extracts of 13 Achillea species showed medium‐level antimicrobial activity.…”

“…Considering the results of GC/MS analysis performed for the studied species, piperitone (19.79 %), camphor (77.19 %), α ‐terpinene (22.28 %), eucalyptol (28.28 %), artemisia ketone (31.90 %), eucalyptol (22.89 %), endo ‐borneol (30.07 %), β ‐eudesmol (22.46 %), camphor (38.96 %), eucalyptol (37.44 %), camphor (16.55 %), verbenol (27.98 %), endo ‐borneol (73.05 %), camphor (18.87(%), β ‐eudesmol (29.17 %) and β ‐eudesmol (39.59 %) were found to be major components. The results of the study are in line with the literature . It can be said that the essential oil contents of Achillea species are affected by factors such as collection period, soil structure and climatic conditions.…”

“…25 components were identified in the essential oil composition of A. nobilis (1AN) and the three main components of this species were eucalyptol (22.89 %), chrysanthenone (14.31 %), and endo ‐borneol (9.88 %). Looking at the studies on this species in literature, eucalyptol (21.0 %), α ‐thujone (11.0 %), camphor (8.5 %) and borneol (7.3 %) were found to be the major components in the essential oil composition of the samples . In another study carried out on the samples of this species collected from Turkey, fragranyl acetate (32 %), fragranol (24 %), and β ‐eudesmol (8 %) were identified as the major components…”

“…Looking at the studies on this species in literature, eucalyptol (21.0 %), α-thujone (11.0 %), camphor (8.5 %) and borneol (7.3 %) were found to be the major components in the essential oil composition of the samples. [22] In another study carried out on the samples of this species collected from Turkey, fragranyl acetate (32 %), fragranol (24 %), and β-eudesmol (8 %) were identified as the major components. [23] 15 components were identified in the essential oil composition of A. goniocephala (1AG) and the three main components of this species were endo-borneol (30.07 %), eucalyptol (25.59 %) and camphor (24.45 %).…”

“…The results of the study are in line with the literature. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] It can be said that the essential oil contents of Achillea species are affected by factors such as collection period, soil structure and climatic conditions. In addition, most species studied have been found to be rich in camphor that is known to be toxic.…”