Chemical components of kernel quality in sh2 sweet corn genotypes (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) as affected by harvest date

Ledenčan, Tatjana; Marković, Sanja; Vuletić, Marija Viljevac; Galić, Vlatko; Jambrović, Antun; Šimić, Domagoj; Svečnjak, Zlatko

doi:10.5513/jcea01/21.3.2677

JCEA

2020

DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/21.3.2677

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Chemical components of kernel quality in sh2 sweet corn genotypes (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) as affected by harvest date

Tatjana Ledenčan¹,

Sanja Marković²,

Marija Viljevac Vuletić³

et al.

Abstract: Kernel water (KW) and total soluble sugars (TSS) are major components of sweet corn taste, while total carotenoids (TC), total phenols (TP) and antioxidant activity (AA) contribute to its health benefits. Main objective was to determine the effect of genotype, harvest date and year on chemical components of kernel quality in shrunken (sh2) sweet corn. Nine sh2 genotypes were harvested at 3-day intervals from 20 to 32 days after pollination (DAP) over two years. Growing season significantly affected TC and TP o… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Production and chemical quality of sweet corn with single fertilizer combination (SFC) on upland in West Papua

Jambang,

Hakim,

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Sweet corn is popular in West Papua. This study was aimed at determining the production and chemical qualities of sweet corns using single fertilizer combination (SFC). A completely randomized design experiment was used with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were without fertilization (P0), with a concentration of P1 (22.4g/plant); P2 (23.52/plant); P3 (24.64g/plant); P4 (25.76g/plant). Variables observed were weight, length, diameter, pH, water, ash and fat content. The data obtained were analysed using analysis of variance continued with the Honest Significant Difference Test. Results showed that different concentrations gave a very significant difference (P<0.01) on cob weights (gr) (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4 were 51.39; 115.40; 133.06), cob lengths (mm) (78.45; 107.37; 113.92; 131.54;141.02), and cob diameters (mm) (24.56; 31.22; 34.29; 36.21; 37.55); did not give a significant difference (P>0.05) on pH (5.47; 5.37; 5.41; 5.40; 5.38), moisture content (%) (60.41; 60.75; 60.29; 60.08; 60.08), ash content (%) (1.95; 2.07; 2.05; 1.96; 1.92), and fat content (%) (0.62; 0.53; 0.43; 0.52; 0.40). The conclusion was that different concentrations of SFC did not give a different effect on pH, water, ash, fat content and gave a very significant difference effect on weight, length, diameter of sweet corn cobs.

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Production and chemical quality of sweet corn with single fertilizer combination (SFC) on upland in West Papua

Jambang,

Hakim,

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Integrated metabolite analysis and health-relevant in vitro functionality of white, red, and orange maize (Zea mays L.) from the Peruvian Andean race Cabanita at different maturity stages

Ranilla

Zolla²,

Afaray-Carazas³

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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The high maize (Zea mays L.) diversity in Peru has been recognized worldwide, but the investigation focused on its integral health-relevant and bioactive characterization is limited. Therefore, this research aimed at studying the variability of the primary and the secondary (free and dietary fiber-bound phenolic, and carotenoid compounds) metabolites of three maize types (white, red, and orange) from the Peruvian Andean race Cabanita at different maturity stages (milk-S1, dough-S2, and mature-S3) using targeted and untargeted methods. In addition, their antioxidant potential, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities relevant for hyperglycemia management were investigated using in vitro models. Results revealed a high effect of the maize type and the maturity stage. All maize types had hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids in their free phenolic fractions, whereas major bound phenolic compounds were ferulic acid, ferulic acid derivatives, and p-coumaric acid. Flavonoids such as luteolin derivatives and anthocyanins were specific in the orange and red maize, respectively. The orange and red groups showed higher phenolic ranges (free + bound) (223.9–274.4 mg/100 g DW, 193.4– 229.8 mg/100 g DW for the orange and red maize, respectively) than the white maize (162.2–225.0 mg/100 g DW). Xanthophylls (lutein, zeaxanthin, neoxanthin, and a lutein isomer) were detected in all maize types. However, the orange maize showed the highest total carotenoid contents (3.19–5.87 μg/g DW). Most phenolic and carotenoid compounds decreased with kernel maturity in all cases. In relation to the primary metabolites, all maize types had similar fatty acid contents (linoleic acid > oleic acid > palmitic acid > α-linolenic acid > stearic acid) which increased with kernel development. Simple sugars, alcohols, amino acids, free fatty acids, organic acids, amines, and phytosterols declined along with grain maturity and were overall more abundant in white maize at S1. The in vitro functionality was similar among Cabanita maize types, but it decreased with the grain development, and showed a high correlation with the hydrophilic free phenolic fraction. Current results suggest that the nutraceutical characteristics of orange and white Cabanita maize are better at S1 and S2 stages while the red maize would be more beneficial at S3.

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Effect of Harvest Date on Kernel Quality and Antioxidant Activity in su1 Sweet Corn Genotypes

et al. 2022

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In order to achieve a high-quality product, sweet corn should be harvested at the optimal stage of maturity. The taste of sweet corn depends largely on the kernel moisture (KM) and total sugars (TS) content while its health properties are attributed to the content of total phenols (TPH) and antioxidant activity (AO). This study aimed to estimate quality in sugary (su1) sweet corn hybrids based on the maximum content of kernel chemical compounds and the content change during maturation. During two growing seasons, five harvests by year were made at 2-day intervals from 17 to 25 days after pollination (DAP). KM decreased among hybrids from 6.6% to 14% over an eight-day period, or 0.8% to 1.8% per day. TS content was the highest at 17 DAP (16.5–28.7 mg/g DW) and decreased during maturation from 27% to 67%. Hybrids differed significantly in TPH at 17 DAP (204.4–357.1 mg GAE/100 g DW). TPH change during maturation ranged from the no significant differences up to a 29.3% decrease. DPPH- radical scavenging activity ranged among genotypes from 52.5% to 74.9% inhibition at 17 DAP and significantly increased during maturation. A well-defined hybrid-specific harvest window is necessary to maintain kernel quality in su1 sweet corn.

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Chemical components of kernel quality in sh2 sweet corn genotypes (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) as affected by harvest date

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Production and chemical quality of sweet corn with single fertilizer combination (SFC) on upland in West Papua

Production and chemical quality of sweet corn with single fertilizer combination (SFC) on upland in West Papua

Integrated metabolite analysis and health-relevant in vitro functionality of white, red, and orange maize (Zea mays L.) from the Peruvian Andean race Cabanita at different maturity stages

Effect of Harvest Date on Kernel Quality and Antioxidant Activity in su1 Sweet Corn Genotypes

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