Chemical Components and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Six Pyrrosia Species

Abstract

The present study was aimed at analyzing the chemical components of the essential oil from six Pyrrosia species by GC/MS and evaluating their in vitro antibacterial activities. Seventy volatile compounds were identified in the essential oil of six Pyrrosia samples. The identified volatile components were divided into following nine categories: aldehydes, terpenoids, fatty acids, ketones, furans, hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, and phenols. The major components of the essential oil were 2,4-pentadienal, phytol and nonanal. The antimicrobial assays showed that the essential oils from Pyrrosia samples exhibited a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. However, P. lingua had the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 μL/mL. This article is the first report of the chemical components and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from six Pyrrosia species, which will lay the foundation for developing medicinal resources from Pyrrosia fronds.

Plants-Derived Biomolecules as Potent Antiviral Phytomedicines: New Insights on Ethnobotanical Evidences against Coronaviruses

“…Pyrrosia lingua ( P. lingua ) belongs to the Polypodiaceae family and mostly occurs in China, Japan, Korea and other Asian regions [ 52 ]. P. lingua is known for its antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities; it even stops the formation of urinary calculi [ 52 , 53 ].…”

“…Pyrrosia lingua ( P. lingua ) belongs to the Polypodiaceae family and mostly occurs in China, Japan, Korea and other Asian regions [ 52 ]. P. lingua is known for its antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities; it even stops the formation of urinary calculi [ 52 , 53 ]. Furthermore, it contains several bioactive components, such as flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, mangiferin, isomangiferin, astragalin and trifolin [ 54 ].…”

“…Furthermore, it contains several bioactive components, such as flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, mangiferin, isomangiferin, astragalin and trifolin [ 54 ]. The extract of P. lingua leaves has been used by many researchers for the treatment of HIV, SARS and other viral infections [ 50 , 52 , 53 ]. In the case of SARS-CoV-1, this plant has shown the ability to inhibit viral infection, but the mechanism of action is still not clear [ 48 , 50 ].…”

Diversity Analysis and Associated Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil inPyrrosia petiolosa

“…[a] Samples , with helium as the carrier gas (1.0 mL/ min). [11] Gas chromatograph was operated under the following conditions: initial oven temperature was 60°C for 3 min before increasing to 250°C at a rate of 4°C/min. Temperature was maintained at 250°C for 2 min.…”

“…Results from our previous investigation indicated that Pyrrosia tonkinensis, P. lingua and four other Pyrrosia species have exhibited essential oil diversity and antimicrobial activity. [10][11][12] In addition, essential oil activity from different sources and environments may vary. [13] As few investigations have been undertaken on essential oils from P. petiolosa from different locations, we suggest that they may have differential antibacterial activities.…”