Chemical characterization of oils and meals from wild sunflower (helianthus petiolaris nutt)

Abstract

Chemical characterizations of oils and meals from the wild sunflower species Helianthus petiolaris Nutt and their comparison with those from cultivated sunflower (H. annuus) were performed. Seeds from indigenous populations of H. petiolaris were harvested in Argentina in different years. The analytical parameters studied were as follows: (i) FA profile, PV, p-anisidine value, oxidative stability, phosphorus and phospholipid content, tocopherols, polar compounds, and waxes in the extracted oils; and (ii) moisture, ash, crude fiber, metals, sugars, urease activity, starch, protein, available lysine, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, gross energy, and amino acid content in the residual meals. The products from wild sunflower seed, which yielded 27-30% oil by solvent extraction, showed some characteristics similar to the commercial products. Nevertheless, the oil had lower quality and stability owing to the high unsaturation levels and lower concentrations of antioxidant components, and the meal had a lower protein content. The phospholipid content was significantly lower than in industrial crude sunflower oils. Most of the important parameters in the meal such as available lysine, gross energy, and digestibility compared favorably with those for cultivated sunflower meals. The results showed the potential for using these meals for animal feed.

Characterization of chia seed oils obtained by pressing and solvent extraction

“…Wax esters content presented in chia seed oils varied between 92 and 180 mg/kg, which is lower than that reported for cultivated (400-1100 mg/kg) and wild (678-1128 mg/kg) sunflower oils (Pé rez et al, 2004). The main wax components were esters between 34 and 48 carbon atoms, with a high concentration in the C48 fraction (set 1: 18-46%; set 2: 36-41%), followed by C38 (set 1: 17-24%; set 2: 9-15%) and C36 fractions (set 1: 13-18%; set 2: 6-14%).…”

Assessment of oils of selected legumes and oil plants with regard to animal nutrition

“…In sunflower seed we found significant differences in fatty acid contents between its cultivars (C18:1 and C18:2), which may be influenced by various agronomic factors, as mentioned by Zheljazkov et al (2009). Their concentrations are, however, comparable to the results of other authors (Perez et al 2004;Sabudak 2007). We found C18:3n3 acid in trace concentrations in all sunflower cultivars, which 286 Bozan and Temelli (2008).…”

“…Different authors have analysed profiles of fatty acids in different oilseeds. Perez et al (2004) and Sabudak (2007) analysed sunflower seeds, Bayrak et al (2010) analysed different cultivars of flax, while El-Beltagi and Mohamed (2010) analysed FA composition in different cultivars of rape. Özcan and Atalay (2006) focused on poppy.…”

Sunflower cake in diets for lambs: intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and rumen parameters

“…As all vegetable oils, sunflower oil essentially consists of triglycerides (98 to 99%), low linolenic acid content and high linoleic acid content, the changes that occur in the concentration and composition of fatty acids arise from the varieties, climate change during its cultivation and degree of maturity (PEREZ; CARELLI;CRAPISTE, 2004).…”