Chemical Characterization of Citrus as a Tool in Phylogeny

Scora, Rainer W.; Malik, M. N.

doi:10.2307/1217957

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This species was clustered adjacent to pummelo in this study (Fig.2), which is similar to the report of Liu et al [28]. It has been demonstrated that volatiles could be applied in the chemotaxonomic study of citrus plants [34], the reliability of which has been recently verified by additional researchers [22,27,28]. Our CPCoA analysis provided further evidence to support the reliability.…”

Section: Diverse Leaf Volatiles In Leaves Can Facilitate Studies Of Csupporting

confidence: 91%

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide insight into the volatile compounds of citrus leaves and flowers

et al. 2020

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Background: Previous reports have mainly focused on the volatiles in citrus fruits, and there have been few reports about the volatiles in citrus leaves and flowers. However, citrus leaves and flowers are also rich in volatile compounds with unique aromas. Here, to investigate the volatiles in citrus leaves and flowers, volatile profiling was performed on leaves from 62 germplasms and flowers from 25 germplasms. Results: In total, 196 and 82 volatile compounds were identified from leaves of 62 citrus germplasms and flowers of 25 citrus germplasms, respectively. The dominant volatile terpenoids were more diverse in citrus leaves than in peels. A total of 34 volatile terpenoids were commonly detected in the leaves of at least 20 germplasms, among which 31 were overaccumulated in the leaves of wild or semiwild germplasms. This result was consistent with the high expression levels of five genes and one key gene of the mevalonate and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) biosynthetic pathways, respectively, as well as the low expression levels of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase of the MEP pathway, relative to the levels in cultivars. Fully open flowers showed increased levels of four terpene alcohols and a decrease in sabinene content compared with balloon-stage flowers, especially in sweet orange. A monoterpene synthase gene was identified and functionally characterized as a sabinene synthase in vitro. Conclusions: Collectively, our results suggest that 31 important terpenoids are abundant in wild or semiwild citrus germplasms, possibly because of a negative effect of domestication on the volatiles in citrus leaves. The sweet smell of fully open flowers may be attributed to increased levels of four terpene alcohols. In addition, a sabinene synthase gene was identified by combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

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Section: Diverse Leaf Volatiles In Leaves Can Facilitate Studies Of Csupporting

confidence: 91%

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide insight into the volatile compounds of citrus leaves and flowers

et al. 2020

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“…Identification of individual peaks was performed as described by Scora and Malik (1970). Areas under the peaks were computed by a Varian Digital Integrator, Model 475, then converted to percentages by weight (Appendices A and B) and analyzed for taxa correlations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the origin of the lemon

Malik¹,

Scora²,

Soost³

1974

Hilg

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The legend for figure 10 on page 373 does not agree with the orientation of the photograph. To read correctly, the photo should be turned 90 degrees clockwise with the rule at the bottom.Hybrids of 'Eureka' and 'Lisbon' lemons were studied along with their parents and possible ancestral types to investigate the phylogeny of Citrus Zintort (L.) Burm. f. Data on leaf, flower, and fruit characters were collected and analyzed for inheritance of specific characters and for the amount of variability. Leaf and rind-oil components were analyzed by gas chromatography. Those hybrids producing suscient microspores were studied for meiotic abnormalities. Segregation of all characters studied demonstrates the heterozygosity of C. limo*. Color (anthocyanin) development in flower buds and young leaves is most likely controlled by a single dominant gene. Color on the young stems may be controlled by two dominant genes, one of which also controls color in flower buds and young leaves. Preformed root initials are most likely controlled by one, and leaf articulation by at least two genes.Characters specific to C. medica were present in the lemon progeny, indicating definite involvement of the citron in the lemon ancestry. Some characters indicate a possible common gene source with C. amadfolk and C. jambhiri. The deviation of some hybrids from their parents or proposed ancestors indicates a contributing gene source that has not yet been identified.The presence of much sterility and wide segregation of characters argues against the specific standing of C. & m m . It has a common gene source with the citron-lime group, and it may be a derived hybrid involving some unidentified taxa. The overlapping geographical distribution of various Citrus taxa at the assumed place of origin of C. 1imo.n further suggests the possibility of intercrowing or common origin of various Citrus species.

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“…It has been suggested that in addition to these three, C. micrantha Wester also contributed to the origin of the cultivated citrus (Nicolosi et al 2000). Numerous commercially important cultivars also originated as chance seedlings, as bud sports or as human selections over time (Scora and Malik 1970). The development of new and improved cultivars is a slow and costly process due to several factors of which nucellar polyembryony, pollen and ovule sterility causing incompatibility, long juvenile period and a high level of heterozygosity are the main factors (Grosser and Gmitter 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of parameters affecting Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of citrus

Dutt

Grosser

2009

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

103

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An improved protocol for genetic transformation of juvenile explants of Carrizo (Citrus sinensis Osb. 9 Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.), Duncan (Citrus paradisi Macf.), Hamlin (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and Mexican Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) cultivars using a vector containing a bifunctional egfp-nptII fusion gene is described. Several parameters were investigated to optimize genetic transformation of these four cultivars. It was determined that a short preincubation in hormone rich liquid medium and subculture of Agrobacterium for 3 h in YEP medium containing 100 lM acetosyringone were required for improvement of transformation efficiency. Co-cultivation duration as well as addition of acetosyringone to co-cultivation medium also played an important role in transformation efficiency as did OD 600 value of the Agrobacterium suspension used for transformation. We regenerated numerous EGFP expressing transgenic lines from all four cultivars. Based on these results, we conclude that genetic transformation of citrus is cultivar specific and optimization of conditions for maximum transgenic production are required for each individual cultivar.

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Chemical Characterization of Citrus as a Tool in Phylogeny

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide insight into the volatile compounds of citrus leaves and flowers

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide insight into the volatile compounds of citrus leaves and flowers

Studies on the origin of the lemon

Evaluation of parameters affecting Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of citrus

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