Chemical characteristics of Asian dust aerosol from Hunshan Dake Sandland in Northern China

Cheng, Tiantao; Lü, Daren; Wang, Gengchen; Xu, Yongfu

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.12.045

Cited by 47 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ca, Mg, and Fe are indicators of crustal weathering and mineral dust (Cheng et al, 2005) and therefore high concentration of these elements should be observed for dusty events, which is also reflected in our data (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Elemental and Ionic Mass Concentration On Different Days Dussupporting

confidence: 62%

Chemical Characterization of Summertime Dust Events at Kanpur: Insight into the Sources and Level of Mixing with Anthropogenic Emissions

Ghosh

Gupta

Rastogi

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The aim of this study conducted at Kanpur (26.51°N, 80.23°E), India, was to quantify chemical properties of dust and the intensity of mixing, due to its interaction with various emissions from anthropogenic activities, during its long range transport. Aerosol mass was collected at Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (IIT-K) located in the Indo-Gangetic Plain from April-July 2011, a period marked by intense dust storms and onset of monsoon. The sampling days were classified as Dust, Polluted Dust 1 (PD 1 ), Polluted Dust 2 (PD 2 ) and Continental days. PM 10 (coarse mode) and PM 2.5 (fine mode) collected on filter substrates were analysed for chemical composition. Elemental concentrations were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results show that crustal elements like Ca, Fe, K, Na and Mg were dominant in coarse mode during dusty days, whereas, elements of anthropogenic origin like Cu, Ni, Se and V were mostly concentrated in fine mode during PD 1 as well as PD 2 . Very low elemental concentrations were found during continental days. SO 4 2-, Cl -and NO 3 -were found to be high during PD 1 and PD 2 days. Very good correlations of NH 4 + with Cl -and SO 4 2-ions in PD 1 days indicate their common sources of origin and formation of ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate. Water Soluble Inorganic Carbon (WSIC) was found during all dust days, Water Soluble Organic Carbon (WSOC) was found to be highest during PD 1 and PD 2 days.

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Section: Elemental and Ionic Mass Concentration On Different Days Dussupporting

confidence: 62%

Chemical Characterization of Summertime Dust Events at Kanpur: Insight into the Sources and Level of Mixing with Anthropogenic Emissions

Ghosh

Gupta

Rastogi

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Long-range transported dust is also associated with an increase in crustal elements. Compared to local dust events, the increase in mass concentration from the non-dusty level may be smaller, and the PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio is much higher during a long-range transport event (Cheng et al, 2005). The volcanic ash or dry fog formed from emitted sulfate dioxide is associated with high levels of sulfate content in the aerosols (Bao et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we remove the high PM data with the PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio higher than 0.35, considering these samples being contaminated with non-local dust sources. This ratio is chosen based on the emission splitting factors used fugitive dust particles by the US EPA (MRI, 2005), and previous field measurements of the PM 2.5 to PM 10 ratio during dust events (e.g., 0.45 in Cheng et al, 2005). Considering that most IM-PROVE stations are not in the immediate proximity of dust source areas, we allow the cutoff ratio to be slightly larger (0.39) in the data processing.…”

Section: Approach To Identify Local Dust Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term dust climatology in the western United States reconstructed from routine aerosol ground monitoring

Tong

Wang

et al. 2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. This study introduces an observation-based dust identification approach and applies it to reconstruct longterm dust climatology in the western United States. Longterm dust climatology is important for quantifying the effects of atmospheric aerosols on regional and global climate. Although many routine aerosol monitoring networks exist, it is often difficult to obtain dust records from these networks, because these monitors are either deployed far away from dust active regions (most likely collocated with dense population) or contaminated by anthropogenic sources and other natural sources, such as wildfires and vegetation detritus. Here we propose an approach to identify local dust events relying solely on aerosol mass and composition from general-purpose aerosol measurements. Through analyzing the chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol observations during satellite-detected dust episodes, we select five indicators to be used to identify local dust records: (1) high PM 10 concentrations; (2) low PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio; (3) higher concentrations and percentage of crustal elements; (4) lower percentage of anthropogenic pollutants; and (5) low enrichment factors of anthropogenic elements. After establishing these identification criteria, we conduct hierarchical cluster analysis for all validated aerosol measurement data over 68 IMPROVE sites in the western United States. A total of 182 local dust events were identified over 30 of the 68 locations from 2000 to 2007. These locations are either close to the four US Deserts, namely the Great Basin Desert, the Mojave Desert, the Sonoran Desert, and the Chihuahuan Desert, or in the high wind power region (Colorado). During the eight-year study period, the total number of dust events displays an interesting four-year activity cycle (one in 2000- The monthly frequency of dust events shows a peak from March to July and a second peak in autumn from September to November. The large quantity of dust events occurring in summertime also suggests the prevailing impact of windblown dust across the year. This seasonal variation is consistent with previous model simulations over the United States.

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“…Similar to dust elements, the EF value of Na was also likely to uniformity, except the value on 28 March 2010, suggesting that Na in our samples was mostly from not sea salt but surface soil. The EF values of these elements in Xiamen were lower than that of in Beijing (Cheng et al, 2005) and Shanghai , whereas, values of pollutant elements for Zn, As and Pb before or after DS days were higher than that of in these cities, which maybe relate with municipal waste incineration and metalliferous industry apart from brake wear (Hsu et al, 2005 2+ (the reason may be explained that Mg 2+ was much more influenced by sea-salt in this coastal city); they were mainly from the mineral dust. The concentrations of the "pollution-crust" ions, SO 4 2-, Cl -, and K + , were higher in dust episodes than in non-dust days in TSP samples (Fig.…”

Section: Major Elements In Tsp During Dss Before and After Dssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characteristics of Particulate Matter during a Heavy Dust Episode in a Coastal City, Xiamen, 2010

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2011

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Xiamen, as a southeastern coastal city, is hardly affected by dust storms (DSs) sourced from the arid and semiarid areas in North or Northwestern China in spring. Unfortunately, during 21-23 March, 2010, the heaviest DS that had been recorded in past 50 years affected air quality seriously. Continuous particulate matter monitor was employed for the observation of PM 2.5 (aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) and PM 10 (aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm) during 20-24 March 2010. Total suspended particulate (TSP) samples during this episode were also collected and their characteristics of element species and water-soluble ions were illustrated to characterize the heavy pollution in Xiamen. The DS peaked on 21 March, with the highest concentrations of 454.51 μg/m 3 and 990.24 μg/m 3 for PM 2.5 and PM 10 , respectively. The variations of ratio for PM 2.5 /PM 10 indicated that PM 10 was the main particles that were influenced by DS. The higher ratios (DS/Non dust days) of Al, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Ba were over 5.0, which are primarily from a soil. However, the ratios of Zn, V, As, Ti, and Cr, mainly from anthropogenic sources, had a range of 1.3 to 3.4. These results suggested that the soil-sourced species made more contribution to DS particles compared to the anthropogenic species. The mass fractions of water-soluble ions in TSP indicated that the concentrations of K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , F -, NO 2 -, and NO 3 -were evidently higher in DS samples than those of non-DS samples. The compositions of ions in dust aerosols showed that the multi-sources of aerosol were ubiquitous during the dust episode. The highest concentrations of sulfate and nitrate occurred in the day when dust ended in Xiamen, which demonstrated the formation of secondary pollutants from dust during the long-range transport, as well as from local environmental pollution.

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Chemical characteristics of Asian dust aerosol from Hunshan Dake Sandland in Northern China

Cited by 47 publications

References 26 publications

Chemical Characterization of Summertime Dust Events at Kanpur: Insight into the Sources and Level of Mixing with Anthropogenic Emissions

Chemical Characterization of Summertime Dust Events at Kanpur: Insight into the Sources and Level of Mixing with Anthropogenic Emissions

Long-term dust climatology in the western United States reconstructed from routine aerosol ground monitoring

Chemical Characteristics of Particulate Matter during a Heavy Dust Episode in a Coastal City, Xiamen, 2010

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