Chemical basis for photomutagenicity in synthetic fuels and correlation with carcinogenicity

Selby, Christopher P.; Calkins, John; Enoch, Harry G.; Wright, Cherylyn W.; Wilson, Bary W.

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(87)90005-x

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…Similarly, results from another study indicated that the photomutagenic activity of different fractions from a coal liquefaction process stream increased with increasing boiling point and that PAHs were present in higher concentration in the liquids with higher boiling point. 31 When the heavy distillate was fractionated into aliphatic hydrocarbons, hydroxylated PAH, neutral PAH and nitrogen-containing PAH (N-PAH), the major mutagenic activity was found in the N-PAH fraction, with some contribution from the hydroxy-PAH These experiments also made apparent that the mutagenicity of certain PAHs is masked by the presence of non-mutagenic components in CLPs.…”

Section: Heavy and Middle Distillatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of coal liquefaction products: An overview

Chu

Villeneuve

Rousseaux

1994

J of Applied Toxicology

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Repeated exposure to coal liquefaction products produces a broad range of systemic effects. Among these, growth suppression, anaemia, leucocytosis and other haematological disorders are most prominent. Bone marrow, liver and kidney are the target organs affected by treatment. The effects are more severe with heavy distillates and male rats are more sensitive than females. Other changes included increased serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol. Depending on the route of administration, the skin or lung may also be affected. Inhalation exposure produces the most severe changes, and oral exposure the least. Distillates containing N-PAHs and sulphur-containing PAHs are also more biologically active. Teratological effects were only observed if animals were exposed to the heavy distillate. Similarly, heavy distillates have mutagenic or carcinogenic properties. Teratological effects, as well as mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, of the coal liquefaction distillates seem to be linked to their PAH content, especially the N-PAHs. From the data presented in this review, it should become evident that the potential effects of coal liquefaction products on human health could be severe, especially with long-term exposure. Limited information exists on the occupational effects to coal liquefaction materials because most of the work to date has been with pilot plants. Careful and good judgement is required in order to extrapolate data from pilot plants to commercial-scale production. Experience in health effects of workers in the petroleum industry and coke-oven operations can serve as a guide for the implementation of industrial hygiene programmes for coal liquefaction operations. These programmes include engineering controls, health education, personal monitoring and hygienic practices, medical surveillance and long-term epidemiology studies, and they should be implemented to make coal liquefaction a healthy and environmentally sustainable industry.

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Section: Heavy and Middle Distillatesmentioning

confidence: 99%