Chemical and Ultrastructural Identification of 5-Hydroxytryptamine in an Identified Neuron

Rude, Sonia; Coggeshall, Richard E.; Orden, L. S. Van

doi:10.1083/jcb.41.3.832

Cited by 128 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In single identified serotonergic neurones, the transmitter has been localized to storage granules (Rude, Coggeshall & Van Orden, 1969;Cottrell & Osborne, 1970). We found that most of the newly synthesized 5HT in RB cells and GCNs was associated with particulate fractions (Table 2).…”

Section: Synthesis Of 5ht In Aplysia Neuronesmentioning

confidence: 75%

Cellular specificity of serotonin storage and axonal transport in identified neurones of Aplysia californica

Goldman¹,

Schwartz²

1974

The Journal of Physiology

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Section: Synthesis Of 5ht In Aplysia Neuronesmentioning

confidence: 75%

Cellular specificity of serotonin storage and axonal transport in identified neurones of Aplysia californica

Goldman¹,

Schwartz²

1974

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Moreover the distribution of organelles into zones containing predominantly rough endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria, Golgi bodies and lysosomes was preserved in cultured cells. Scattered throughout the cytoplasm were characteristic dense-core vesicles, 90 nm in diameter, resembling those described in normal Retzius cells containing serotonin (Rude, Coggeshall & Van Orden, 1969). Clear vesicles of smaller diameter (45 nm) were also found in the cytoplasm.…”

Section: Growth and 8tructure Ofisolated Neuronesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Membrane properties and selective connexions of identified leech neurones in culture

Fuchs

Nicholls

Ready

1981

The Journal of Physiology

136

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SUMMARY1. Individual, identified neurones, dissected from the central nervous system ofthe leech and maintained in culture for several weeks, sprouted processes and formed synaptic connexions.2. The action potentials of isolated touch (T), pressure (P), nociceptive (N) cells and Retzius cells resembled those of their counterparts in situ, enabling them to be recognized unambiguously. Their input resistances were approximately 4 times greater than those of corresponding cells within the animal. In T, P and N cells trains of impulses were followed by a pronounced after-hyperpolarization, as in the animal.3. In certain cells, notably the L motoneurones, membrane properties became altered in culture. The current-voltage relation showed novel rectification and action potentials became much larger.4. Numerous neurites often extended for hundreds of micrometres from isolated neurones and ended in typical growth cones. Electron micrographs revealed that many fine axons were braided together to form thicker fascicles. Frequently, the processes were orientated between two neighbouring cells rather than at random. The fine structure of the cytoplasm, nucleus and organelles in cultured cells resembled those of their counterparts in situ. The glial cell that normally surrounds the neurones was, however, absent.5. Pairs of Retzius cells in culture usually became coupled electrically after about 6 days. Similarly L motoneurones became coupled in vitro. These junctions allowed current to pass in both directions and resembled those seen in the animal.6. Selective connexions were made by certain types of cells. Thus, P sensory neurones did not become coupled with Retzius cells but did develop electrical connexions with L motoneurones, as in the animal.7. Novel synaptic interactions not obvious in the animal could appear in culture. Retzius and L cells became electrically coupled and, in some instances where electrical coupling between Retzius cells failed to develop, chemically mediated inhibitory potentials became apparent.8. Isolated, identified leech neurones not only survive but regenerate processes and are capable of forming selective connexions in culture. The ability to define interactions between isolated pairs of cells offers the opportunity to explore in detail problems relating to synapse formation and cell-cell recognition.

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“…These differences may reflect properties of the transmitter used by Retzius cells. In the ganglion, Retzius cells have been shown to contain 5-HT by (1) synthesis from precursors (Sargent, 1977); (2) specific histofluorescence (Ehinger, Falck & Myhrberg, 1968); (3) staining by neutral red (Stuart, Hudspeth & Hall, 1974) and by (4) the observation ofdense-core vesicles within Retzius varicosities (Rude, Coggeshall & Van Orden, 1969). Similarly, Henderson has shown recently that Retzius cells in culture maintain their ability to synthesize, store and release 5-HT (Henderson, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical transmission between individual Retzius and sensory neurones of the leech in culture.

Fuchs¹,

Henderson²,

Nicholls³

1982

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Chemical synaptic transmission develops between individual identified neurones dissected from leech ganglia and maintained in culture. Impulses in Retzisis cells give rise to hyperpolarizing synaptic potentials in pressure (P) sensory cells. In suitable medium the potentials develop by 3 days and can be observed for more than 3 weeks.2. The synaptic potentials occur after a synaptic delay, exhibit facilitation and depression and are reversed by hyperpolarization. The blocking effects of reduced calcium and raised magnesium concentrations in the bathing fluid provide additional evidence for the chemical nature of transmission.3. An increase in chloride conductance is involved in the generation ofthe synaptic potential in the P cell. With high intracellular Cl in the post-synaptic cell, the synaptic potentials become reversed and amplified. The amplitudes of these reversed responses range from 1 to 20 mV with a falling phase lasting for seconds.4. Changes in the membrane potential of the presynaptic cell that modify the amplitude and duration of the action potential influence the efficacy of transmission. In addition, impulses in Retzius cells initiated from hyperpolarized values of membrane potential evoke smaller synaptic potentials in the P cells than impulses arising from a depolarized level.5. With neurones placed directly next to one another in the dish, maintained depolarization of the presynaptic Retzius cell in the absence of conducted action potentials gives rise to slow synaptic potentials in the P cell. In some pairs, the response in the P cell consists of a marked increase in 'noise'. 6. Injection of horseradish peroxidase into the Retzius cell reveals neurites with distinctive varicosities growing over the P cell.

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Chemical and Ultrastructural Identification of 5-Hydroxytryptamine in an Identified Neuron

Abstract: The two largest cells in a typical ganglion of the leech (Hirudo medicinalis) nervous system are the colossal cells of Retzius . These cells show a positive chromafftn reaction,

Cited by 128 publications

References 27 publications

Cellular specificity of serotonin storage and axonal transport in identified neurones of Aplysia californica

Cellular specificity of serotonin storage and axonal transport in identified neurones of Aplysia californica

Membrane properties and selective connexions of identified leech neurones in culture

Chemical transmission between individual Retzius and sensory neurones of the leech in culture.

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