Chemical and Physical Characterization of Four Interfacial-Active Rhamnolipids from Pseudomonas spec. DSM 2874 Grown on n-Alkanes

Syldatk, Christoph; Lang, Siegmund; Wagner, Fritz; Wray, Victor; Witte, Ludger

doi:10.1515/znc-1985-1-212

Cited by 202 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, there have been reports on about 100 g/L of rhamnolipid produced from 16% of soybean oil (Lang and Wullbrant, 1999) and about 4.3 g/L from 0.6% of soybean oil (Rahman et al, 2002). The surface tension reduction ability of the biosurfactant was found to be 27.8-30 mN/m which was in the same range as those of other rhamnolipids reported from P. aeruginosa DSM.2874 (28 mN/m) (Syldatk et al, 1985), P. aeruginosa 44 T1 (25 mN/m) and P. aeruginosa BP100 (28 mN/m) (Lang and Wullbrant, 1999). Although the biosurfactant yield with palm oil as a carbon source was lower than that of olive oil, it showed quite good properties in both surface tension reduction and oil displacement activity (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa A41 using palm oil as carbon source

Thaniyavarn

Chongchin

Wanitsuksombut

et al. 2006

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa A41 using palm oil as carbon source

Thaniyavarn

Chongchin

Wanitsuksombut

et al. 2006

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…These functions could be attributed to the unique regulation of different genes and pathways. Similar results were reported when investigating the influence of other environmental factors on biosurfactant production (22,(25)(26)(27)(28). However, further investigation is required to verify this hypothesis.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

n -Alkane Chain Length Alters Dietzia sp. Strain DQ12-45-1b Biosurfactant Production and Cell Surface Activity

Wang

Nie

Tang

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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c Upon growth on n-hexadecane (C 16 ), n-tetracosane (C 24 ), and n-hexatriacontane (C 36 ), Dietzia sp. strain DQ12-45-1b could produce different glycolipids, phospholipids, and lipopeptides. Interestingly, cultivation with C 36 increased cell surface hydrophobic activity, which attenuated the negative effect of the decline of the emulsification activity. These results suggest that the mechanisms of biosurfactant production and cell surface hydrophobicity are dependent upon the chain lengths of the n-alkanes used as carbon sources. Recently, the biodegradation of crude oil constituents, such as alkanes, through bioremediation of oil-polluted environments (1-3) and microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) technology (4) has received worldwide attention. To date, a number of microorganisms have been reported to degrade alkanes of different chain lengths (5). A critical step in the biodegradation process requires microorganisms to access hydrophobic alkanes by at least two possible mechanisms. First, microorganisms produce surface-active materials, including glycolipids, phospholipids, and lipopeptides, to emulsify alkanes and achieve surfactant-mediated access (6-12). Second, they increase the hydrophobic activity of the cell surface to directly interact with alkanes (5, 13).Although extensive research has been conducted on the production of different biosurfactants and the cell surface hydrophobic activities, these studies were mainly restricted to alkanes with chain lengths shorter than 18 carbon atoms (C 18 ) (14-18). This raises the question of how bacteria, such as those belonging to the genus Dietzia, access hydrocarbons with chain lengths longer than C 18 . It is unclear whether accessing longer alkanes requires the production of surface-active materials that are similar to those produced when shorter alkanes (i.e., ϽC 18 ) are degraded. In addition, whether cell surface hydrophobicity contributes to the accession of longer alkanes is unknown. The aim of this study was, therefore, to address these questions because degradation of alkanes longer than C 18 is important for effective MEOR and bioremediation. We used a broad-spectrum alkane-degrading Dietzia sp. strain, 20), and the results of our study revealed that biosurfactant production and cell surface hydrophobic activity changed when different-chain-length n-alkanes were used as the sole carbon sources.After Dietzia sp. strain DQ12-45-1b was incubated in mineral salt medium (MSM) (21) amended with 0.3% (vol/vol) n-hexadecane (C 16 ) and 0.05% (wt/vol) n-tetracosane (C 24 ) and n-hexatriacontane (C 36 ) as the sole carbon sources, respectively, the cultures were sampled at different time points and analyzed for bacterial growth, alkane degradation, cell surface hydrophobic activities, and emulsifying capacity of the culture broth. The biosurfactants were also extracted from the culture broth, and the moieties of the glycolipid-like biosurfactant were additionally analyzed. The transcripts of the glycolipid synthesis-related genes were also analyzed by rea...

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“…The identity of rhamnolipids was determined by a modified TLC method (Syldatk et al, 1985), using purified mono-and di-rhamnolipids from P. aeruginosa PAO1 as standards. The extracted and dried rhamnolipids prepared as described above were dissolved in 15 ml chloroform and applied to TLC plates (silica gel HPTLC plates, 20 cm620 cm, Merck).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular enzymes affect biofilm formation of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2010

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes a variety of hydrolases, many of which contribute to virulence or are thought to play a role in the nutrition of the bacterium. As most studies concerning extracellular enzymes have been performed on planktonic cultures of non-mucoid P. aeruginosa strains, knowledge of the potential role of these enzymes in biofilm formation in mucoid (alginateproducing) P. aeruginosa remains limited. Here we show that mucoid P. aeruginosa produces extracellular hydrolases during biofilm growth. Overexpression of the extracellular lipases LipA and LipC, the esterase EstA and the proteolytic elastase LasB from plasmids revealed that some of these hydrolases affected the composition and physicochemical properties of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). While no influence of LipA was observed, the overexpression of estA and lasB led to increased concentrations of extracellular rhamnolipids with enhanced levels of mono-rhamnolipids, elevated amounts of total carbohydrates and decreased alginate concentrations, resulting in increased EPS hydrophobicity and viscosity. Moreover, we observed an influence of the enzymes on cellular motility. Overexpression of estA resulted in a loss of twitching motility, although it enhanced the ability to swim and swarm. The lasB-overexpression strain showed an overall enhanced motility compared with the parent strain. Moreover, the EstAand LasB-overproduction strains completely lost the ability to form 3D biofilms, whereas the overproduction of LipC increased cell aggregation and the heterogeneity of the biofilms formed. Overall, these findings indicate that directly or indirectly, the secreted enzymes EstA, LasB and LipC can influence the formation and architecture of mucoid P. aeruginosa biofilms as a result of changes in EPS composition and properties, as well as the motility of the cells. INTRODUCTIONPseudomonas aeruginosa is a common environmental bacterium and represents an increasingly prevalent opportunistic human pathogen whose ecological success is based on a remarkable degree of genomic flexibility and phenotypic adaptation (Wehmhöner et al., 2003). P. aeruginosa successfully colonizes a wide range of habitats, including natural soil and aquatic environments as well as artificial water systems (Botzenhart & Döring, 1993). It is involved in acute and chronic diseases, for example in infections of surgery and burn patients, in urogenital tract and wound infections, chronic lung infections of cystic fibrosis patients, and nosocomial pneumonia in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients (Drenkard, 2003;Singh et al., 2000).The biofilm mode of life significantly contributes to the growth and persistence of P. aeruginosa under varying environmental conditions in nature, as well as in technical systems and the clinical setting. P. aeruginosa is now regarded as one of the medically most relevant biofilmforming bacterial species. Therefore, it has become one of the best-studied model organisms for biofilm formation (McDougald et al., 2008). Biofilm forma...

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Chemical and Physical Characterization of Four Interfacial-Active Rhamnolipids from Pseudomonas spec. DSM 2874 Grown on n-Alkanes

Cited by 202 publications

References 9 publications

Biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa A41 using palm oil as carbon source

Biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa A41 using palm oil as carbon source

n -Alkane Chain Length Alters Dietzia sp. Strain DQ12-45-1b Biosurfactant Production and Cell Surface Activity

Extracellular enzymes affect biofilm formation of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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