Chemical and physical aspects of cleaning of organic-fouled reverse osmosis membranes

Ang, Wui Seng; Lee, Sangyoup; Elimelech, Menachem

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2005.07.035

Cited by 346 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Cleaning effectivity is affected by 2 mechanisms: the chemical reaction between the cleaning agent and the foulants on the foulant layer and the mass transfer from the cleaning agent in the bulk phase into the fouling layer and the mass transfer of foulants from the fouling layer into the bulk phase [21]. Cleaning in this research was conducted by circulating cleaning agent through the membrane, allowing the concentrate stream to flow.…”

Section: Membrane Rejection and Flow Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous researches reported that chemical membrane cleaning can already provide almost 100% recovery of membrane flux so it is able to extend membrane lifespan [1,[16][17][18][19][20][21]. The cleaning agents that are usually used are ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) [17,21], alkali solutions like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) [16,18], acid solutions like hydrogen chloride (HCl) [18] and citric acid [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cleaning agents that are usually used are ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) [17,21], alkali solutions like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) [16,18], acid solutions like hydrogen chloride (HCl) [18] and citric acid [16]. Ang, et al [21] used 2 mM (pH 11) of EDTA solution and 10 mM (pH 10) of SDS solution at 40°C for 60 minutes to clean an RO membrane for domestic wastewater reclamation. The results indicated that recovery of the permeate flow rate reached 100%.The rejection recovery was not measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case Study of a Small Scale Reverse Osmosis System for Treatment of Mixed Brackish Water and STP Effluent

Widiasa

Jayanti

2017

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Abstract.A case study on utilizing reverse osmosis (RO) technology to fulfill fresh water needs at a mall and a hotel has been done on Bali Island, Indonesia. A mix of brackish water and sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent was used as feed water in the RO system. The system used 36 membrane elements (CSM RE 8040 BLN) arranged into two stages: 8 pressure vessels (PVs) in the first stage and 4 PVs in the second stage, each loaded with 3 membranes. The objectives of this research were to assess the cleaning effectivity in the plant, to evaluate the cleaning of 1 membrane element using a CIP system, and to assess the use of the membrane for filtration in the pre-treatment system. SEM and FTIR analysis indicated that the foulants on the membrane surface were dominated by organic foulants and inorganic deposits. To clean the discarded membrane the proposed method used NaOH solution (pH 12 and pH 13) and citric acid (pH 2 and pH 3). All membranes displayed a dramatic decline in rejection of about 80%. Based on the rejection tests of SO 4 2-, Cl -, turbidity reduction approached 100%. It can be concluded that an RO membrane that has undergone selectivity decline can be re-used as a filtration membrane in the pre-treatment system.

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Section: Membrane Rejection and Flow Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case Study of a Small Scale Reverse Osmosis System for Treatment of Mixed Brackish Water and STP Effluent

Widiasa

Jayanti

2017

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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“…CIP efficiencies strongly depend on chemical reactions between foulants and membrane surface, as well as the 2 Journal of Engineering reactions between foulants and chemicals, which include hydrolysis, peptization, saponification, solubilization, dispersion, and chelation [9][10][11]. There are several categories of cleaning agents such as alkaline solutions, acids, metal chelating agents, surfactants, enzymes, and oxidizing agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several categories of cleaning agents such as alkaline solutions, acids, metal chelating agents, surfactants, enzymes, and oxidizing agents. Additionally, commercial blends of chemical active substances are available, but manufacturers often do not reveal the precise composition [10]. Chemical cleaning agents act specifically and the choice of the CIP procedure should depend on the fouling composition of the individual RO plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Fouling and Chemical Cleaning in Three Full-Scale Reverse Osmosis Plants Producing Demineralized Water

Beyer

Laurinonyte²,

Zwijnenburg³

et al. 2017

Journal of Engineering

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Membrane fouling and cleaning were studied in three reverse osmosis (RO) plants. Feed water was secondary wastewater effluent, river water, and surface water. Membrane autopsies were used for fouling characterization. Fouling layer measurements included total organic carbon (TOC), adenosine triphosphate, polysaccharides, proteins, and heterotrophic plate counts. In all locations, membrane and spacer fouling was (bio)organic. Plant chemical cleaning efficiencies were evaluated from full-scale operational data and cleaning trials in a laboratory setup. Standard cleaning procedures were compared to two cleaning procedures specifically adapted to treat (bio)organic fouling using commercial blend cleaners (mixtures of active substances). The three RO plants were impacted by irreversible foulants causing permanently decreased performance in normalized pressure drop and water permeability even after thorough chemical cleaning. The standard plant and adapted cleaning procedures reduced the TOC by 45% on average, with a maximum of ∼80%. In general, around 20% higher biomass removal could be achieved with adapted procedure I compared to adapted procedure II. TOC measurements and SEM showed that none of cleaning procedures applied could remove foulants completely from the membrane elements. This study underlines the need for novel cleaning approaches targeting resistant foulants, as none of the procedures applied resulted in highly effective membrane regeneration.

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Polymer Filtration Membranes

Asatekin

Mayes

2009

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Polymer filtration membranes have been a focus of research since the late eighteenth century and became a thriving industry in the twentieth century. Today, membranes are used in commercial applications spanning from drinking water purification to gas separations, with a market that is expected to grow to more than $10 billion by 2010. This article describes the materials and morphologies commonly found in today's commercial membranes, along with their methods of manufacture. Membranes classified according to retentate size as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, or reverse osmosis are introduced, along with ion exchange and gas separation membranes. The primary mechanisms by which these different membranes achieve separation during filtration are described, as well as example applications. Permeability, molecular weight cutoff, and rejection/retention are introduced as metrics for membrane performance comparisons. Membrane fouling is discussed as a chief obstacle to the more widespread use of membranes in wastewater treatment and other applications involving high concentrations of organics in the feed stream. Mechanisms of membrane fouling are described along with approaches commonly employed to limit fouling, including membrane surface modification, process optimization, and pretreatment of the feed. The future outlook of the polymer filtration membrane industry is touched upon in the context of increasing demand for fresh water and continuing improvements in membrane performance anticipated by research advances.

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Chemical and physical aspects of cleaning of organic-fouled reverse osmosis membranes

Cited by 346 publications

References 31 publications

Case Study of a Small Scale Reverse Osmosis System for Treatment of Mixed Brackish Water and STP Effluent

Case Study of a Small Scale Reverse Osmosis System for Treatment of Mixed Brackish Water and STP Effluent

Membrane Fouling and Chemical Cleaning in Three Full-Scale Reverse Osmosis Plants Producing Demineralized Water

Polymer Filtration Membranes

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