Chemical and Pharmacological Research of the Plants in Genus Euphorbia

Abstract

1. Introduction 4296 2. Chemical Constituents 4297 2.1. Sesquiterpenoids (Table 1) 4297 2.2. Higher Diterpenoids 4297 2.2.1. ent-Abietanes, ent-Atisanes, ent-Kauranes, ent-Isopimaranes, and ent-Pimaranes (Tables 1-9) 4297 2.2.2. Other Diterpenoids 4298 2.3. Lower Diterpenoids 4299 2.3.1. Casbanes (Table 10) 4299 2.3.2. Jatrophanes (Tables 11-28) 4299 2.3.3. Lathyranes (Tables 29-33) 4299 2.3.4. Myrsinanes, Cyclomyrsinanes, and Premyrcinanes (Tables 34-43) 4299 2.3.5. Jatropholanes (Table 44) 4302 2.3.6. Daphnanes (Table 45) 4303 2.3.7. Tiglianes (Tables 46-48) 4305 2.3.8. Ingenanes (Tables 49-52) 4305 2.3.9. Segetanes, Paralianes, Pepluanes, and Euphoractines (Tables 53-58) 4305 2.4. Triterpenoids (Tables 59-65) 4307 2.5. Steroids (Tables 66 and 67) 4308 2.6. Cerebrosides and Glycerols (Tables 68 and 69) 4310 2.7. Phenolics (Tables 70 and 71) 4311 2.8. Flavonoids (Table 72) 4311 2.9. Miscellaneous Compounds (Table 73) 4311 3. Hypothetical Biogenetic Route of the Rearranged Diterpenoids 4313

Euphorbia Diterpenes: Isolation, Structure, Biological Activity, and Synthesis (2008–2012)

“…6 The present review covers 221 new Euphorbia diterpenes isolated since then; the structures of the new diterpenoids are presented.…”

Chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Euphorbia sikkimensis and their bioactivities

“…20 The differences could be rationalized to the changes of the side chain, of which the structural part from C-23 to C-27 in cornusalterin J was replaced by a methylene and an aldehyde group in 2. This deduction was confirmed by the 1 From a literature research, compound 2 was only recorded in one reference, which was derived from oxidation of 3S,24S,25-trihydroxytirucall-7-ene. 4 Therefore, this is first report of 2 found from a nature source and given a trivial name sikkimenoid F.…”

“…Terpenoids with different core frameworks perform extensive activities, such as anti-proliferation, modulability of multidrug resistance, cytotoxic activity, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. 1 Also, the roots of Euphorbia sikkimensis Boiss have been used in traditional Chinese medicine, for the treatment of poisoning, malaria, rheumatism, and other disorders. 2 Previous studies on this plant have resulted in the isolation of four jatropholane-type diterpenoids.…”

Synthesis of Some New Chrysin Derivatives and Their Biological Assessment as Antibacterial, Antibiofilm and Antifungal Agent

“…It is well established that natural products, particularly heterocyclic compounds viz. alkaloids, flavonoids and their semi synthetic derivatives have played a vital role in drug discovery and development [2,18,[21][22][23][24]. Semi synthetic flavonoid derivatives have shown to possess numerous and excellent biological activities [17,19,20].…”