Chemical and morphological evaluation of chars produced from primary biomass constituents: Cellulose, xylan, and lignin

Smith, Matthew W.; Pecha, M. Brennan; Helms, Greg; Scudiero, Louis; Garcı̀a-Pèrez, Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.05.015

Cited by 67 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…There is considerable increase in ring size as temperature increases to 700°C. 280 Evidence that trapped heavy oligomeric products form char can be seen in Fig. 16, where cellobiosan forms more char than levoglucosan due to its lower vapor pressure.…”

Section: Char Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in understanding the four dominant intra-particle phenomena of lignocellulose pyrolysis: chemical reactions, heat transfer, mass transfer, and phase change

et al. 2019

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Section: Char Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…206 It is well known that char largely retains the tissue structure of its native lignocellulosic feedstock. 280,281 However, if pyrolysis proceeds through a melt phase it will undergo alterations to its pore structure at some scales. This implies that biopolymers can cross-link before lysing, or that some other phenomenon is in play.…”

Section: Char Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in understanding the four dominant intra-particle phenomena of lignocellulose pyrolysis: chemical reactions, heat transfer, mass transfer, and phase change

et al. 2019

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“…Lignin was extracted from biomass samples (hybrid poplar,H P; Douglas fir,D F) following am odified Bjçrkman method [108,109] as described elsewhere by Smith, et al [110] Briefly,e ach biomass was sieved (30 mesh) before Soxhlet extraction with 9:1( v/v,3 00 mL) acetone/water followed by another extraction with 2:1( v/v, 300 mL) ethanol/toluene (minimum 8heach). Following extraction, the extractive-free biomasses were allowed to air dry in af ume hood.…”

Section: Experimental Section Lignin Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions to Lignomics: Stochastic Generation of Oligomeric Lignin Structures for Interpretation of MALDI–FT‐ICR‐MS Results

et al. 2020

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The lack of standards to identify oligomeric molecules is a challenge for the analysis of complex organic mixtures. High‐resolution mass spectrometry—specifically, Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT‐ICR MS)—offers new opportunities for analysis of oligomers with the assignment of formulae (CxHyOz) to detected peaks. However, matching a specific structure to a given formula remains a challenge due to the inability of FT‐ICR MS to distinguish between isomers. Additional separation techniques and other analyses (e.g., NMR spectroscopy) coupled with comparison of results to those from pure compounds is one route for assignment of MS peaks. Unfortunately, this strategy may be impractical for complete analysis of complex, heterogeneous samples. In this study we use computational stochastic generation of lignin oligomers to generate a molecular library for supporting the assignment of potential candidate structures to compounds detected during FT‐ICR MS analysis. This approach may also be feasible for other macromolecules beyond lignin.

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“…Except the char derived from 10% glucose addition, the surfaces of chars derived from the feedstock containing higher ratio of glucose showed very clear molten phase deposition. The molten phase was formed from the glucose before carbonization [57]. The glucose-derived liquid phase led to the agglomeration of char particles and also increased the contact surface areas between char and volatiles.…”

Section: Effects Of Fb:glucose Ratio On Physiochemical Property In Charsmentioning

confidence: 99%

N Evolution and Physiochemical Structure Changes in Chars during Co-Pyrolysis: Effects of Abundance of Glucose in Fiberboard

Liu

Ming

et al. 2020

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The simple incineration of wood-based panels (WBPs) waste generates a significant amount of NOx, which has led to urgency in developing a new method for treating the N-containing biomass residues. This work aims to examine the N evolution and physiochemical structural changes during the co-pyrolysis of fiberboard and glucose, where the percentage of glucose in the feedstock was varied from 0% to 70%. It was found that N retention in chars was monotonically increased with increasing use of glucose, achieving ~60% N fixation when the glucose accounted for 70% in the mixture. Pyrrole-N (N-5) and Pyridine-N (N-6) were preferentially formed at high ratios of glucose to fiberboard. While the relevant importance of volatile–char interactions to N retention and transformation could be observed, the volatile–volatile reactions from the two feedstocks played a vital role in the increase in abundance of glucose. With the introduction of glucose, the porous structure and porosity in chars from the co-pyrolysis were dramatically altered, whereas the devolatilization of glucose tended to generate larger pores than the fiberboard. The insignificant changes in carbon structure of all chars revealed by Raman spectroscopy would practically allow us to apply the monosaccharides to the WBPs for regulating N evolution without concerns about its side effects for char carbon structures.

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Chemical and morphological evaluation of chars produced from primary biomass constituents: Cellulose, xylan, and lignin

Cited by 67 publications

References 70 publications

Progress in understanding the four dominant intra-particle phenomena of lignocellulose pyrolysis: chemical reactions, heat transfer, mass transfer, and phase change

Progress in understanding the four dominant intra-particle phenomena of lignocellulose pyrolysis: chemical reactions, heat transfer, mass transfer, and phase change

Contributions to Lignomics: Stochastic Generation of Oligomeric Lignin Structures for Interpretation of MALDI–FT‐ICR‐MS Results

N Evolution and Physiochemical Structure Changes in Chars during Co-Pyrolysis: Effects of Abundance of Glucose in Fiberboard

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