Chemical and mineralogical characterization of weathering products in mine wastes, soil, and sediment from the abandoned Pb/Zn mine in Skikda, Algeria

Khelfaoui, Malika; Medjram, Mohamed Salah; Kabir, Abdenour; Zouied, Daoiya; Karima, Mehri; Chikha, Olfa; Trabelsi, Malika Ayadi

doi:10.1007/s12665-020-09043-x

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Modern exploitation started in 1890 at the Dar El Hanout streams, with a very low production. From 1913 onwards the exploitation became regular [12,13]. The management of the lead-zinc deposit was stopped in 1976; since then, baryte was exploited in the open pit until 1984, when the mine was closed.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is composed of a series of veins with sulphide mineralisation containing galena (PbS), sphalerite (ZnS), pyrite-marcasite and barite [8]. Today, after about half a century of cessation of all mining activities, Sidi Kambar mine still constitute a potential direct pollutant for the environment and for the health of the neighbouring populations [9]. Indeed, during its activities, it has generated several million tons of waste that have been abandoned without any preservation measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Water Contamination by Mining Wastes: Case of the Sidi Kambar Region (Skikda North-East Algeria)

Fekrache

Boudeffa

2023

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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The objective of this work is to assess the contamination of the Essouk stream, under acid drainage from the Sidi Kambar mine (southwest of Skikda, Algeria), which has been widely exploited during the previous decades. The methodology was conducted to control the current state of water chemistry, its evolution in space and time according to the variation of water physicochemical parameters and the content of trace metals (Pb, Fe, and Zn). In general, Essouk stream are highly sulphated (reached 598.56 mg/L) and have an elevated salinity, resulting in a high conductivity (1925 µS/cm) and presented a low pH (3.01). In addition, Fe, Pb and Zn contents reached 5.17 mg/L, 2.05 mg/L and 4.05 mg/L, respectively. Such results were linked to the bedrock of Sidi Kambar that is composed of galena, pyrite and sphalerite.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Water Contamination by Mining Wastes: Case of the Sidi Kambar Region (Skikda North-East Algeria)

Fekrache

Boudeffa

2023

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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“…1). contaminated by AMD, showed serious contaminations with some metals (Zn, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, and Cd) [27].…”

Section: A Sidi Kamber Mine Site Description and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate Amendments for the Inhibition of Acid Mine Drainage Generated from Sidi Kamber Tailings Facility

Merchichi

Hamou

Benzaazoua

et al. 2022

ENPESJ

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The aims of this paper was to evaluate the efficiency of phosphates product and by-products from the Djebel Onk mine for the control of acidic mine drainage generated by exposure of Sidi Kamber mine tailings to climatic conditions. Kinetic tests in humidity cells were carried out according to the modified ASTM standard, was used to invistigate the geochemical behaviour of the Sidi Kamber tailings mixed with phosphate materials (phosphatic limestone wastes, raw low grade phosphate ore and phosphate mine tailings) after being characterized. All amendment compositions led to an increase of the pH of the leachate from approximately 3 to circum-neutral values. Humidity cells experiments indicated that the materials were adequate to immobilize Pb, Zn, Cu and Fe by about 99% and prevent their release through the tailings. The tests have also shown that the metals concentrations within the leachate are lower than the limits allowed by Algerian legislation for industrial liquid effluents. Among the tested material amendments, PLW was more effective than other products in immobilizing metals. The results are most probably related to their Ca-carbonate content and/or adsorption capacity.

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“…This means of environmental pollution has become a primary ecological concern due to the timeless period of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in nature coupled with the contamination of agricultural soils [2]. Although the more significant part of toxicity has anthropogenic origins, a few contaminants can typically happen in soils as components of weathering of rock deposits, and they can be toxic at high concentrations [3,4]. Furthermore, contamination of the soil periodically cannot be precisely assessed or seen outwardly, rendering it a latent threat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human health risk exposure and ecological risk assessment of potentially toxic element pollution in agricultural soils in the district of Frydek Mistek, Czech Republic: a sample location approach

et al. 2021

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Background Human activities considerably contribute to polluting potentially toxic element (PTEs) levels in soils, especially agricultural soils. The consistent introduction of PTEs in the environment and the soil pose health-related risks to humans, flora and fauna. One hundred and fifteen samples were collected in the district of Frydek Mistek (Czech Republic) in a regular grid form. The soil samples were air-dried, and the concentrations of PTEs (i.e. lead, arsenic, chromium, nickel, manganese, cadmium, copper, and zinc) were determined by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry). The purpose of this study is to create digitized soil maps that expose the human-related health risks posed by PTEs, estimate pollution indices, ascertain the spatially distributed patterns of PTEs, source apportionment and quantify carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks using the sample location approach. Results The results revealed that the pollution assessment of the soils in the study area using diverse pollution assessment indexes (pollution index, pollution load index, ecological risk and risk index), based on the application of the local background value and the European average value, displayed a range of pollution levels due to differences in the threshold limits from differing geochemical background levels. The principal components analysis and positive matrix factorization, respectively, identified the sources of pollution and the distribution of PTE sources. Mapping the health index and total carcinogenic risk highlighted hotspots of areas within the study area that require immediate remediation. The self-organizing map (SeOM) revealed a diversified colour pattern for the factor scores. A single neuron exhibited a high hotspot in all factor loadings on different blocks of neurons. Children’s CDItotal (Chronic Daily Intake total) values for non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk were found to be greater than adults’, as were their HQ (hazard quotients) and CR (carcinogenic risk) values. According to the health index of non-carcinogenic risk, 6.1% of the study area sampled posed a potential risk to children rather than adults. Corresponding to the sampled pointwise health risk assessment, 13.05% of the sampled locations are carcinogenic to children. The estimated health risk in the agricultural soil was high, with both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks that could threaten persons living in the study area, particularly children. Conclusion In general, the continuous application of agriculturally related inputs such as phosphate fertilizers and other anthropogenic activities (e.g., steel industry) can increase the level of PTEs in soils. The use of mean, maximum, and minimum values in health risk estimation does not provide a comprehensive picture of a research area’s health state. This study recommends using a sampled pointwise or location health risks assessment approach, which allows researchers to identify high-risk environments that exceeds the recommended threshold as well as areas on the verge of becoming high risk, allowing for rapid remedial action.

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Chemical and mineralogical characterization of weathering products in mine wastes, soil, and sediment from the abandoned Pb/Zn mine in Skikda, Algeria

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Surface Water Contamination by Mining Wastes: Case of the Sidi Kambar Region (Skikda North-East Algeria)

Surface Water Contamination by Mining Wastes: Case of the Sidi Kambar Region (Skikda North-East Algeria)

Phosphate Amendments for the Inhibition of Acid Mine Drainage Generated from Sidi Kamber Tailings Facility

Human health risk exposure and ecological risk assessment of potentially toxic element pollution in agricultural soils in the district of Frydek Mistek, Czech Republic: a sample location approach

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