Chemerin is a novel biomarker of acute coronary syndrome but not of stable angina pectoris

Abstract

BackgroundRecent evidence demonstrated that the circulating adipokines were associated with the onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) including unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). As a novel adipokine, chemerin has been related to atherosclerosis and the presence of coronary artery disease. However, the plasma levels of chemerin in patients with ACS have yet to be investigated.MethodsPlasma levels of chemerin and adiponectin were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 60 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP), 60 patients with UAP, 60 patients with AMI and 40 control patients. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured using a GE ViVid E7 ultrasonography machine, and the severity of coronary stenosis in patients was estimated with a Gensini coronary score following coronary angiography.ResultsPlasma chemerin levels were significantly higher in ACS patients than in the control and SAP groups, while plasma adiponectin levels were significantly lower in ACS patients than the control group. A correlation analysis revealed that plasma chemerin levels were positively correlated with the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.29, P < 0.01) and LVEDD (r = 0.27, P < 0.01) but negatively correlated with LVEF (r = -0.45, P < 0.01) and that plasma adiponectin levels were positively correlated with LVEF (r = 0.53, P < 0.01) but negatively correlated with CRP (r = -0.33, P < 0.01) and LVEDD (r = -0.30, P < 0.01). Although significant correlations between chemerin, adiponectin and BMI or the Gensini coronary score were found in patients with SAP, neither chemerin nor adiponectin was correlated with BMI and the Gensini coronary score in patients with ACS. Furthermore, both chemerin (OR 1.103, 95% CI 1.065 to 1.142; P = 0.001) and adiponectin (OR 0.871, 95% CI 0.776 to 0.970; P = 0.018) were independently associated with the presence of ACS.ConclusionsChemerin is a novel biomarker of acute coronary syndrome but not of stable angina pectoris.

Increased serum adiponectin predicts improved coronary flow and clinical outcomes in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention

“…A few studies showed that the reduced APN level was associated with severe coronary stenosis and high atherosclerotic burden . However, their findings were not confirmed in other studies . Similarly, no obvious correlation between the APN level and the severity of coronary lesions was seen in our research by measuring the Gensini score and the prevalence of multivessel disease.…”

Adipokines and cardiovascular disease: A comprehensive review

“…Some studies showed positive association between chemerin levels and stable chronic coronary artery disease (CAD), but some found increased chemerin level only in patients with acute coronary syndrome and not in stable CAD (ref. 101 ). C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein, produced in liver and adipose tissue.…”

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and the ERK Pathway Drive Chemerin Expression in Response to Hypoxia in Cultured Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells

“…One study showed that chemerin is associated with adipogenesis regulation and metabolic syndrome; the latter means the elevated body–mass index, and insulin resistance [9]. In addition, chemerin was found to be associated with impaired left ventricular systolic function, suggesting that chemerin is closely associated with ischemic heart disease, acute coronary syndrome, and heart failure [10, 11]. Chemokine like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), a G i protein-coupled chemerin receptor is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells and is regulated by several proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-6 [12].…”