Chelation of mercury intoxication and testing different protective aspects ofLactococcus lactisprobiotic in African catfish

Abstract

Water pollution is a fast-growing problem of 21st century worldwide (Bassem, 2020). Contamination with heavy metals (HM) is a serious problem owing to their persistence, bioaccumulation in different fish tissues, non-degradable nature and poisonous effects (Al-Ghanim

Evaluation of olive stone biochar as valuable and inexpensive agro‐waste adsorbent for the adsorption and removal of inorganic mercury from Nile tilapia aquaculture systems

“…There were similar results for Clarias gariepinus exposed to 0.13 ppm of Hg for 60 days (El-Bouhy et al, 2021a, 2021b. Numerous studies have shown that exposure to Hg at different concentrations for different periods affects the immune system of fish (Low & Sin, 1998;Sarmento et al, 2004).…”

“…In the present study, the results revealed impairment in nitric oxide, lysozyme and antiprotease activities in the Hg‐exposed groups compared with those of the control group. There were similar results for Clarias gariepinus exposed to 0.13 ppm of Hg for 60 days (El‐Bouhy et al, 2021a, 2021b). Numerous studies have shown that exposure to Hg at different concentrations for different periods affects the immune system of fish (Low & Sin, 1998; Sarmento et al, 2004).…”

“…The increases in serum ALT and AST levels may be attributable to damage to liver cells, induced by excessive ROS production as a result of PTE exposure, as well as leakage of these enzymes from the cytosol of the liver to the blood (García‐Medina et al, 2017; García‐Niño & Pedraza‐Chaverrí, 2014). Similarly, elevated ALT and AST levels were reported in Clarias gariepinus (El‐Bouhy et al, 2021a, 2021b; Mahmoud et al, 2012) and O . niloticus exposed to sublethal doses of mercury (Abdel Rahman et al, 2019; Elseady & Zahran, 2013; Waheed et al, 2020).…”

Blood Performance: A New Formula for Fish Growth and Health

“…Stress causes an increase in oxygen demand in fish, which causes them to compensate with a variety of compensatory actions such as increased breathing frequency [ 35 ] or decreased synthesis of Hb ( Table S2 and see review [ 36 ]). In the present review, the decrease of Hb with many different stressors such as ammonia [ 25 , 37 ], low temperature [ 38 ], microplastics [ 39 ], pollutions [ 40 ], pathogens [ 41 , 42 ], and heavy metals [ 43 ] were observed ( Table S2 ). It seems that this decrease has been a global response to stress given that regardless of kind of stress and species, the Hb was decreased.…”

“…The studies in peer-reviewed journals revealed that HG fish fed with various additives had a higher number of RBC. For example, ellagic acid in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) [ 57 ], brewer’s yeast in Nile tilapia [ 31 ], a combination of herbs in common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) [ 58 ], butyric acid glycerides in yellowfin seabream ( Acanthopagrus latus ) [ 59 ], roselle anthocyanin extract in rainbow trout [ 60 ] and chitosan nanoparticles in Nile tilapia [ 43 ] increased the number of RBCs. Increased growth in these treatments demonstrates that fish benefit from optimised oxygen delivery, and there may be a direct relationship between growth and RBC numbers.…”