Evaluation of olive stone biochar as valuable and inexpensive agro‐waste adsorbent for the adsorption and removal of inorganic mercury from Nile tilapia aquaculture systems

Abstract

The study's objective was to evaluate using olive stone biochar (OSB), an inexpensive agro‐waste product, to adsorb and remove inorganic mercury from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) aquaculture systems. First, the OSB's adsorption capacity was evaluated by testing different concentrations: 1, 2 and 3 g L−1 for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 120 h. The concentration of Hg decreased with increasing OSB concentration up to 48 h, with the highest Hg adsorption rate observed at 2 g OSB L−1. An experimental study assessed the OSB's impact on Nile tilapia immune status and growth efficiency. The experiment used 180 Nile tilapia divided into four treatment groups (CONT, OSB, Hg and Hg +OSB), with three replicates per treatment. Fish were fed a normal basal diet twice daily for 60 d. The CONT group served as a control without any treatment. The OSB group was exposed to 2 g OSB L−1 of water, the Hg group was exposed to 0.084 mg Hg L−1, and the Hg +OSB group was exposed to 0.084 mg Hg L−1 with 2 g OSB L−1. Hg exposure caused liver and renal dysfunction and reduced growth performance, haematological indices, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase and non‐specific immune parameters. Adding OSB to the pond water reduced these effects. In conclusion, adding 2 g OSB L−1 to aquarium water and changing it every 48 h mitigates the immunosuppressive effects of sub‐chronic mercury toxicity and lowers mercury residues in fish muscle.

Polycyclic Aromatic Aydrocarbons (PAHs) Pollution Approaches in Aquatic Ecosystems: Perils and Remedies Using Green Technologies

“…Antibacterial Meanwhile, macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils are the most well-studied innate immune cells [116]. Fish immune systems can be changed by exposure to environmental pollutants [1,2,[117][118][119][120]. When fish are exposed to environmental stress, lysozyme and complement elements C3 and C4 are frequently utilized to assess the immunological status of the fish [121].…”

Assessment of Various Biochar Sources as a Dietary Additive in Cirrhinus mrigala Fingerlings to Enhance Mineral Status, Carcass Composition, and Antioxidant Activity

“…In recent study, different types of biochar were used to study their effects on fish health (Kara et al, 2023). Many studies have used biochar generated from waste and biomass materials to remediate aquaculture effluent (Reda et al, 2022); however, few studies have looked into using biochar as a feed supplement in various animal species (Schmidt et al, 2017). Since biochar improves the health of organisms, it will eventually become a well-known supplement in future (Cheng et al, 2023).…”

Determining the Toxic Elements in Cannabinoid and Opioid Drugs and Their Impact on Addicts' Health

“…The brain is the primary target organ of inhaled mercury vapor(Clarkson et al 2007). As methyl mercury, mercury is widely disseminated throughout the body and particularly harms the lining of the colon and kidneys(Reda et al 2022). More modest symptoms and clinical ndings are caused by low levels of prolonged exposure to elemental or other forms of mercury(Chibowska et al 2016).…”