Checkmite!? Is the Resistance to Phytophagous Mites on Short and Stocky Wild Oryza Species?

Sperotto, Raul Antônio; Buffon, Giseli; Schwambach, Joséli; Ricachenevsky, Felipe Klein

doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00321

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…GA regulates many essential plant developmental processes, including growth ( Hou et al, 2013 ). As GA and JA antagonize each other in regulating plant growth and defense ( Chaiwanon et al, 2016 ; Ning et al, 2017 ), we suggest that under infested condition, the susceptible Puitá INTA-CL cultivar prioritize growth over defense (showing a significant yield penalty), while the tolerant IRGA 423 prioritize defense over growth (showing no yield penalty), and this difference might contribute to the S. oryzae susceptiblity or tolerance, as hypothetically occurs with wild Oryza species of different heights ( Sperotto et al, 2018a ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Defense genes involved in the pathways of jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene are responsible for the production of defense proteins (glucanases, chitinases, proteases, polyphenol oxidases, protease inhibitors) that can limit the damage of the attacked plant ( Blasi et al, 2015 ; Rioja et al, 2017 ; Santamaria et al, 2018 ). Signaling components of the JA and SA pathways can interact with each other, but can also interact with signaling components of growth-regulating hormonal pathways ( Pieterse et al, 2012 ; Blaazer et al, 2018 ; Sperotto et al, 2018a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unraveling Rice Tolerance Mechanisms Against Schizotetranychus oryzae Mite Infestation

et al. 2018

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Rice is the staple food for over half of the world’s population. Infestation of Schizotetranychus oryzae (Acari: Tetranychidae) causes great losses in rice productivity. To search for rice genotypes that could better tolerate S. oryzae infestation, we evaluated morphological and production parameters in Brazilian cultivars, and identified two cultivars with contrasting responses. Leaf damage during infestation was similar for all cultivars. However, infestation in Puitá INTA-CL resulted in reduction in the number of seeds per plant, percentage of full seeds, weight of 1,000 seeds, and seed length, whereas infestation in IRGA 423 increased weight of 1,000 seeds and seed length. Reduction in seed weight per plant caused by infestation was clearly higher in Puitá INTA-CL (62%) compared to IRGA 423 (no reduction detected), thus Puitá INTA-CL was established as susceptible, and IRGA 423 as tolerant to S. oryzae infestation. Photosynthetic parameters were less affected by infestation in IRGA 423 than in Puitá INTA-CL, evidencing higher efficiency of energy absorption and use. S. oryzae infestation also caused accumulation of H2O2, decreased cell membrane integrity (indicative of cell death), and accelerated senescence in leaves of Puitá INTA-CL, while leaves of IRGA 423 presented higher levels of total phenolics compounds. We performed proteomics analysis of Puitá INTA-CL and IRGA 423 leaves after 7 days of infestation, and identified 60 differentially abundant proteins (28 more abundant in leaves of Puitá INTA-CL and 32 in IRGA 423). Proteins related to plant defense, such as jasmonate synthesis, and related to other mechanisms of tolerance such as oxidative stress, photosynthesis, and DNA structure maintenance, together with energy production and general metabolic processes, were more abundant in IRGA 423. We also detected higher levels of silicon (as amorphous silica cells) in leaves of infested IRGA 423 plants compared to Puitá INTA-CL, an element previously linked to plant defense, indicating that it could be involved in tolerance mechanisms. Taken together, our data show that IRGA 423 presents tolerance to S. oryzae infestation, and that multiple mechanisms might be employed by this cultivar. These findings could be used in biotechnological approaches aiming to increase rice tolerance to mite infestation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling Rice Tolerance Mechanisms Against Schizotetranychus oryzae Mite Infestation

et al. 2018

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“…Recently, Sperotto et al (2018b) hypothesized that mite-sensitivity presented by wild rice species could be explained, at least partially, by a presumable high GA:JA ratio in these plants, since most of the wild rice species are tall plants and probably present high GA levels. The roles of GA-JA in growth-defense conflicts during herbivory are not yet fully characterized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to highlight that O. barthii and Nipponbare plant heights are not affected by S. oryzae infestation ( Figure 2 ), and this could explain the lack of differentially abundant proteins involved in GA biosynthesis when we compare control and infested conditions. Sperotto et al (2018b) suggest short Oryza species ( O. minuta , O. meyeriana , O. neocaledonica , and O. schlechteri ) as primary sources of herbivory tolerance, including mites. According to these authors, plants with low GA level/sensitivity would probably amplify JA responses and drive plant resources toward defense instead of growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare and Oryza barthii as Unexpected Tolerance and Susceptibility Sources Against Schizotetranychus oryzae (Acari: Tetranychidae) Mite Infestation

et al. 2021

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Cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) is frequently exposed to multiple stresses, including Schizotetranychus oryzae mite infestation. Rice domestication has narrowed the genetic diversity of the species, leading to a wide susceptibility. This work aimed to analyze the response of two African rice species (Oryza barthii and Oryza glaberrima), weedy rice (O. sativa f. spontanea), and O. sativa cv. Nipponbare to S. oryzae infestation. Surprisingly, leaf damage, histochemistry, and chlorophyll concentration/fluorescence indicated that the African species present a higher level of leaf damage, increased accumulation of H2O2, and lower photosynthetic capacity when compared to O. sativa plants under infested conditions. Infestation decreased tiller number, except in Nipponbare, and caused the death of O. barthii and O. glaberrima plants during the reproductive stage. While infestation did not affect the weight of 1,000 grains in both O. sativa, the number of panicles per plant was affected only in O. sativa f. spontanea, and the percentage of full seeds per panicle and seed length were increased only in Nipponbare. Using proteomic analysis, we identified 195 differentially abundant proteins when comparing susceptible (O. barthii) and tolerant (Nipponbare) plants under control and infested conditions. O. barthii presents a less abundant antioxidant arsenal and is unable to modulate proteins involved in general metabolism and energy production under infested condition. Nipponbare presents high abundance of detoxification-related proteins, general metabolic processes, and energy production, suggesting that the primary metabolism is maintained more active compared to O. barthii under infested condition. Also, under infested conditions, Nipponbare presents higher levels of proline and a greater abundance of defense-related proteins, such as osmotin, ricin B-like lectin, and protease inhibitors (PIs). These differentially abundant proteins can be used as biotechnological tools in breeding programs aiming at increased tolerance to mite infestation.

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“…Recently, Sperotto et al (2018b) hypothesized that mite-sensitivity presented by wild rice species could be explained, at least partially, by a presumable high Gibberellin schlechteri) as primary sources of herbivory tolerance, including mites. According to these authors, plants with low GA level/sensitivity would probably amplify JAresponses and drive plant resources toward defense instead of growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nipponbare and wild rice species as unexpected tolerance and susceptibility sources againstSchizotetranychus oryzae(Acari: Tetranychidae) mite infestation

Buffon

Blasi

Lamb

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) is frequently exposed to multiple stresses, including Schizotetranychus oryzae mite infestation. Rice domestication has narrowed the genetic diversity of the species, reducing the stress resistance and leading to a wide susceptibility. Therefore, wild rice species present an alternative to search for this lost variability. Aiming to observe the response of two wild rice species (Oryza barthii and Oryza glaberrima) and two Oryza sativa genotypes (cv. Nipponbare and O. sativa f. spontanea) to S. oryzae infestation, we used agronomic, physiological and molecular analyses. Surprisingly, analyses of leaf damage, histochemistry, chlorophyll concentration and chlorophyll fluorescence showed that the wild species present higher level of leaf damage, increased accumulation of H 2 O 2 and lower photosynthetic capacity when compared to O. sativa genotypes under infested conditions. Infestation did not affect plant height, but decreased tiller number, except in cv. Nipponbare, whose development was not affected. Infestation also caused the death of wild plants during the reproductive stage, unlike O. sativa genotypes, which were able to tolerate stress and produce seeds. While infestation did not affect the weight of 1,000 grains in both O. sativa genotypes, the number of panicles per plant was affected only in O. sativa f. spontanea, and the percentage of full seeds per panicle and seed length were increased only in cv. Nipponbare. Proteomic analysis allowed us to identify 195 differentially abundant proteins when comparing susceptible (O. barthii) and tolerant (O. sativa cv. Nipponbare) genotypes under control and infested conditions. We found that O. barthii has a less abundant antioxidant arsenal. In addition, it is unable to modulate proteins involved with general metabolism and energy production under infested condition. In Nipponbare we found high abundance of detoxification-related proteins, general metabolic processes and energy production, which allows us to suggest that, under infested condition, the primary metabolism is maintained more active compared to O. barthii. Also, Nipponbare presents a greater abundance of defense-related proteins, such as osmotin, ricin B-like lectin, and protease inhibitors of the Bowman Birk trypsin inhibitor family, as well as higher levels of the compatible osmolyte Proline under infested condition. Identification of these differentially abundant proteins can be used as an important biotechnological tool in breeding programs that aim increased tolerance to phytophagous mite infestation.

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Checkmite!? Is the Resistance to Phytophagous Mites on Short and Stocky Wild Oryza Species?

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Unraveling Rice Tolerance Mechanisms Against Schizotetranychus oryzae Mite Infestation

Unraveling Rice Tolerance Mechanisms Against Schizotetranychus oryzae Mite Infestation

Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare and Oryza barthii as Unexpected Tolerance and Susceptibility Sources Against Schizotetranychus oryzae (Acari: Tetranychidae) Mite Infestation

Nipponbare and wild rice species as unexpected tolerance and susceptibility sources againstSchizotetranychus oryzae(Acari: Tetranychidae) mite infestation

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