Characterizing the initial conditions of heavy-ion collisions at the LHC with mean transverse momentum and anisotropic flow correlations

The shape of gold

“…( 7) can then be estimated by replacing v 2 2 and p t with, respectively, ε 2 2 and E/S. Note that the resulting estimator should not be compared directly to the experimental measurements, as it misses effects related to the cuts in transverse momentum, p t , implemented in the experimental analysis, which have been shown to be sizable for the magnitude of this observable [31,89,90]. That said, it is the initial-state estimator that carries the dependence on the deformation parameters, such that the relative impact of the value of γ WS on the final-state result can be assessed from it [30,91].…”

Correlation between magnetic field and nuclear stopping in different rapidity segments during heavy ion collisions

“…Much success has been achieved for heavy ion collisions (HICs) by unveiling the complex dynamical properties under different conditions of temperature and pressure [4], but more effort is still required. Therefore, various reaction observables, such as anisotropic flow [5][6][7][8][9][10], nuclear stopping [11,12] and the electromagnetic field [13][14][15][16][17][18], need further study extract knowledge about the NEOS during HICs.…”