The present and future of QCD

Achenbach, P.; Adhikari, D.; Afanasev, A.; Afzal, F.; Aidala, C.A.; Al-bataineh, A.; Almaalol, D.K.; Amaryan, M.; Androić, D.; Armstrong, W.R.; Arratia, M.; Arrington, J.; Asaturyan, A.; Aschenauer, E.C.; Atac, H.; Avakian, H.; Averett, T.; Ayerbe Gayoso, C.; Bai, X.; Barish, K.N.; Barnea, N.; Basar, G.; Battaglieri, M.; Baty, A.A.; Bautista, I.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beattie, C.; Behera, S.C.; Bellini, V.; Bellwied, R.; Benesch, J.F.; Benmokhtar, F.; Bernardes, C.A.; Bernauer, J.C.; Bhatt, H.; Bhatta, S.; Boer, M.; Boettcher, T.J.; Bogacz, S.A.; Bossi, H.J.; Brandenburg, J.D.; Brash, E.J.; Briceño, R.A.; Briscoe, W.J.; Brodsky, S.J.; Brown, D.A.; Burkert, V.D.; Caines, H.; Cali, I.A.; Camsonne, A.; Carman, D.S.; Caylor, J.; Cerci, D.S.; Cerci, S.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Chatterjee, S.; Chen, J.P.; Chen, Y.; Chen, Y.-C.; Chien, Y.-T.; Chou, P.-C.; Chu, X.; Chudakov, E.; Cline, E.; Cloët, I.C.; Cole, P.L.; Connors, M.E.; Constantinou, M.; Cosyn, W.; Covrig Dusa, S.; Cruz-Torres, R.; D'Alesio, U.; da Silva, C.; Davoudi, Z.; Dean, C.T.; Dean, D.J.; Demarteau, M.; Deshpande, A.; Detmold, W.; Deur, A.; Devkota, B.R.; Dhital, S.; Diefenthaler, M.; Dobbs, S.; Döring, M.; Dong, X.; Dotel, R.; Dow, K.A.; Downie, E.J.; Drachenberg, J.L.; Dumitru, A.; Dunlop, J.C.; Dupre, R.; Durham, J.M.; Dutta, D.; Edwards, R.G.; Ehlers, R.J.; El Fassi, L.; Elaasar, M.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Engelhardt, M.; Ent, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Eyser, O.; Fanelli, C.; Fatemi, R.; Fernando, I.P.; Flor, F.A.; Fomin, N.; Frawley, A.D.; Frederico, T.; Fries, R.J.; Gal, C.; Gamage, B.R.; Gamberg, L.; Gao, H.; Gaskell, D.; Geurts, F.; Ghandilyan, Y.; Ghimire, N.; Gilman, R.; Gleason, C.; Gnanvo, K.; Gothe, R.W.; Greene, S.V.; Grießhammer, H.W.; Grossberndt, S.K.; Grube, B.; Hackett, D.C.; Hague, T.J.; Hakobyan, H.; Hansen, J.-O.; Hatta, Y.; Hattawy, M.; Havener, L.B.; Hen, O.; Henry, W.; Higinbotham, D.W.; Hobbs, T.J.; Hodges, A.M.; Holmstrom, T.; Hong, B.; Horn, T.; Howell, C.R.; Huang, H.Z.; Huang, M.; Huang, S.; Huber, G.M.; Hyde, C.E.; Isupov, E.L.; Jacobs, P.M.; Jalilian-Marian, J.; Jentsch, A.; Jheng, H.; Ji, C.-R.; Ji, X.; Jia, J.; Jones, D.C.; Jones, M.K.; Joosten, S.; Kalantarians, N.; Kalicy, G.; Kang, Z.B.; Karthein, J.M.; Keller, D.; Keppel, C.; Khachatryan, V.; Kharzeev, D.E.; Kim, H.; Kim, M.; Kim, Y.; King, P.M.; Kinney, E.; Klein, S.R.; Ko, H.S.; Koch, V.; Kohl, M.; Kovchegov, Y.V.; Krintiras, G.K.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuhn, S.E.; Kumar, K.S.; Kutz, T.; Lajoie, J.G.; Lauret, J.; Lavrukhin, I.; Lawrence, D.; Lee, J.H.; Lee, K.; Lee, S.; Lee, Y.-J.; Li, S.; Li, W.; Li, Xiaqing; Li, Xuan; Liao, J.; Lin, H.-W.; Lisa, M.A.; Liu, K.-F.; Liu, M.X.; Liu, T.; Liuti, S.; Liyanage, N.; Llope, W.J.; Loizides, C.; Longo, R.; Lorenzon, W.; Lunkenheimer, S.; Luo, X.; Ma, R.; McKinnon, B.; Meekins, D.G.; Mehtar-Tani, Y.; Melnitchouk, W.; Metz, A.; Meyer, C.A.; Meziani, Z.-E.; Michaels, R.; Michel, J.K.L.; Milner, R.G.; Mkrtchyan, H.; Mohanmurthy, P.; Mohanty, B.; Mokeev, V.I.; Moon, D.H.; Mooney, I.A.; Morningstar, C.; Morrison, D.P.; Müller, B.; Mukherjee, S.; Mulligan, J.; Munoz Camacho, C.; Murillo Quijada, J.A.; Murray, M.J.; Nadeeshani, S.A.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Nam, J.D.; Nattrass, C.E.; Nijs, G.; Noronha, J.; Noronha-Hostler, J.; Novitzky, N.; Nycz, M.; Olness, F.I.; Osborn, J.D.; Pak, R.; Pandey, B.; Paolone, M.; Papandreou, Z.; Paquet, J.-F.; Park, S.; Paschke, K.D.; Pasquini, B.; Pasyuk, E.; Patel, T.; Patton, A.; Paudel, C.; Peng, C.; Peng, J.C.; Pereira Da Costa, H.; Perepelitsa, D.V.; Peters, M.J.; Petreczky, P.; Pisarski, R.D.; Pitonyak, D.; Ploskon, M.A.; Posik, M.; Poudel, J.; Pradhan, R.; Prokudin, A.; Pruneau, C.A.; Puckett, A.J.R.; Pujahari, P.; Putschke, J.; Pybus, J.R.; Qiu, J.-W.; Rajagopal, K.; Ratti, C.; Read, K.F.; Reed, R.; Richards, D.G.; Riedl, C.; Ringer, F.; Rinn, T.; Rittenhouse West, J.; Roche, J.; Rodas, A.; Roland, G.; Romero-López, F.; Rossi, P.; Rostomyan, T.; Ruan, L.; Ruimi, O.M.; Saha, N.R.; Sahoo, N.R.; Sakaguchi, T.; Salazar, F.; Salgado, C.W.; Salmè, G.; Salur, S.; Santiesteban, S.N.; Sargsian, M.M.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, N.; Satogata, T.; Sawada, S.; Schäfer, T.; Scheihing-Hitschfeld, B.; Schenke, B.; Schindler, S.T.; Schmidt, A.; Seidl, R.; Shabestari, M.H.; Shanahan, P.E.; Shen, C.; Sheng, T.-A.; Shepherd, M.R.; Sickles, A.M.; Sievert, M.D.; Smith, K.L.; Song, Y.; Sorensen, A.; Souder, P.A.; Sparveris, N.; Srednyak, S.; Stahl Leiton, A.G.; Stasto, A.M.; Steinberg, P.; Stepanyan, S.; Stephanov, M.; Stevens, J.R.; Stewart, D.J.; Stewart, I.W.; Stojanovic, M.; Strakovsky, I.; Strauch, S.; Strickland, M.; Sunar Cerci, D.; Suresh, M.; Surrow, B.; Syritsyn, S.; Szczepaniak, A.P.; Tadepalli, A.S.; Tang, A.H.; Tapia Takaki, J.D.; Tarnowsky, T.J.; Tawfik, A.N.; Taylor, M.I.; Tennant, C.; Thiel, A.; Thomas, D.; Tian, Y.; Timmins, A.R.; Tribedy, P.; Tu, Z.; Tuo, S.; Ullrich, T.; Umaka, E.; Upton, D.W.; Vary, J.P.; Velkovska, J.; Venugopalan, R.; Vijayakumar, A.; Vitev, I.; Vogelsang, W.; Vogt, R.; Vossen, A.; Voutier, E.; Vovchenko, V.; Walker-Loud, A.; Wang, F.; Wang, J.; Wang, X.; Wang, X.-N.; Weinstein, L.B.; Wenaus, T.J.; Weyhmiller, S.; Wissink, S.W.; Wojtsekhowski, B.; Wong, C.P.; Wood, M.H.; Wunderlich, Y.; Wyslouch, B.; Xiao, B.W.; Xie, W.; Xiong, W.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q.H.; Xu, Z.; Yaari, D.; Yao, X.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.H.; Yero, C.; Yuan, F.; Zajc, W.A.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, F.; Zhao, Y.; Zhao, Z.W.; Zheng, X.; Zhou, J.; Zurek, M.

doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2024.122874

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1,388 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The µ n estimates displayed as Equations ( 149) and ( 150) are both consistent with the 2018 CODATA value of µ n [35,36], displayed as Equation (23). Compared to the experimental uncertainty in the 2018 CODATA value of µ n , the uncertainties in µ n displayed in Equations ( 149) and ( 150) are respectively about 260 and 90 times lower.…”

Section: Precise Unbound Gsqv Neutron Modelsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…which is more than 7 times closer, than Equation (11), to the 2018 CODATA value [35,36] displayed later in this section as Equation (23). The surprising precision of Equation ( 12) may provide insights into the electron capture process of a proton-rich nucleus [107][108][109].…”

Section: Ground-state Quantum Vortex Neutron Modelmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…which is about 0.16% less negative than the 2018 CODATA value [35,36] displayed later in this section as Equation (23). Note that the m p /m n factor, in Equation ( 11), is due to the convention of defining the nuclear magneton, µ N , in terms of the proton mass.…”

Section: Ground-state Quantum Vortex Neutron Modelmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In Section 3.3, Equation ( 103) estimates up quark mass as m u = 2.30 +0. 23 −0.10 MeV/c 2 on the 2.0 GeV scale. This becomes m u = 2.88 +0.…”

Section: Intrinsic Charm Quark Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal is to enhance established QFT by explaining the creation and maintenance of nucleon mass, charge, and magnetic moment while in the ground state. This paper in no way doubts the fundamental validity of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) [22,23]. Nucleon modeling via lattice QCD may be conceptually correct, but is extremely computationally expensive [24], and it is not known how bare current quarks transition into dressed constituent quarks [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Unbound Low-Energy Nucleons As Semiclassical Quantum Networks

Verrall,

Kaminsky,

Verrall

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose that quarks and gluon flux tubes emerge from networks of standing vacuum waves. Each unbound nucleon, in its ground state, may be electromagnetically modeled as massless quantized charge on two pairs of orbiting arcs. Each charge arc is associated with a superposition of radially-oriented vacuum fundamental harmonics. These quantum superpositions of radial waves are coupled to nucleon mass-energy. The charge arcs orbit on the two surfaces of a spindle torus with polar charge-exclusion zones. These ground-state models of unbound nucleons may be interpreted as pairs of virtual Möbius bands. The optimal triangular Möbius band may explain proton uniqueness. These unbound proton and neutron models are shown to be precisely connected via a parameter dependent on neutron mass and the sum of the up and down bare quark masses. Due to this precise connection, and the relatively high experimental precision of proton magnetic moment, neutron magnetic moment is calculated about two orders of magnitude more precisely than the most accurate experiments to date. This quantum network-based approach to modeling unbound low-energy nucleons calculates several other measurable parameters.

show abstract

Section: Precise Unbound Gsqv Neutron Modelsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Ground-state Quantum Vortex Neutron Modelmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Ground-state Quantum Vortex Neutron Modelmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In Section 3.3, Equation ( 103) estimates up quark mass as m u = 2.30 +0. 23 −0.10 MeV/c 2 on the 2.0 GeV scale. This becomes m u = 2.88 +0.…”

Section: Intrinsic Charm Quark Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Unbound Low-Energy Nucleons As Semiclassical Quantum Networks

Verrall,

Kaminsky,

Verrall

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Superradiance in the bulk protects quantum state evolution of rapidly rotating matter on the boundary

McInnes

2024

J. High Energ. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been argued that the rate at which the interior of an AdS black hole evolves is dual to the rate of evolution of the (quantum state of the) strongly coupled matter on the boundary which, according to holography, is dual to the black hole. However, we have shown elsewhere that it seems to be possible, by adjusting the specific angular momentum of an AdS5-Kerr black hole, to reduce this rate to (effectively) zero. We argue that this is unphysical, and that it is prevented by the intervention of a superradiant instability, which causes the black hole to shed angular momentum when the angular velocity exceeds a certain critical value. The precise way in which this works has recently been explained by the “grey galaxy” model of the end state, in which the angular momentum is transferred to a “galactic disc.” Thus, the black hole itself cannot sustain a specific angular momentum beyond a critical value: there is an effective upper bound. The holographic interpretation is that, beyond a certain limiting specific angular momentum, strongly coupled matter (corresponding to the black hole) will spontaneously shed angular momentum to some other, confined, form of matter (corresponding to the disc). This idea is supported by recent numerical work on ultra-vortical plasmas. Such an upper bound on specific angular momentum would prevent arbitrarily small rates of quantum state evolution on the boundary. We give a tentative discussion of the relevant observational data in the case of the vortical Quark-Gluon Plasma, and suggest a way in which such an upper bound might appear in future observations.

show abstract

Angular dependence in transverse momentum dependent diffractive parton distributions at small-x

Hatta,

Yuan

2024

Physics Letters B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present and future of QCD

Cited by 10 publications

References 1,388 publications

Unbound Low-Energy Nucleons As Semiclassical Quantum Networks

Unbound Low-Energy Nucleons As Semiclassical Quantum Networks

Superradiance in the bulk protects quantum state evolution of rapidly rotating matter on the boundary

Angular dependence in transverse momentum dependent diffractive parton distributions at small-x

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About