Characterizing organic hallucinosis

Cornelius, Jack R.; Mezzich, Juan E.; Fàbrega, Horacio; Cornelius, Marie D.; Myers, Joyce E.; Ulrich, Richard F.

doi:10.1016/0010-440x(91)90083-o

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Thought disorder and bizarre delusions are major criterion subsets of DSM–III–R schizophrenia, but not of DSM–III–R PSUD. Our findings echo those of Surawicz (1980) and Mendoza and Miller (1992) who described and of Cornelius et al (1991) who demonstrated a lower rate of thought disorder in patients with OH (secondary to various causes) than in those with schizophrenia. Indeed, substance abuse has been significantly correlated with an increase in thought disorder among PSUD/schizophrenia patients compared with schizophrenia patients without PSUD (Cleghorn et al 1991).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Differential Diagnosis of Substance-induced Psychosis and Schizophrenia in Patients With Substance Use Disorders

Rosenthal

Miner

1997

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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We derived a statistical model that discriminates between substance-induced psychosis (i.e., DSM-III-R organic delusional disorder or organic hallucinosis; ODD-OH) and DSM-III-R schizophrenia in patients who have both DSM-III-R psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUD) and prominent delusions or hallucinations. A sample of 211 PSUD inpatients was divided by year of admission into data sets A and B, each of which was divided between those with concurrent schizophrenia and those with concurrent ODD-OH. A six-predictor discriminant function correctly classified 76.2 percent of all set A patients, including 83.1 percent with schizophrenia. Formal thought disorder and bizarre delusions significantly predict a diagnosis of schizophrenia, with odds ratios (OR) of 3.55:1 and 6.09:1, respectively. Suicidal ideation (OR = 0.32:1), intravenous cocaine abuse (0.18:1), and a history of drug detoxification (0.26:1) or methadone maintenance (0.18:1) demonstrate inverse relationships with a schizophrenia diagnosis. The model was validated in set B, correctly predicting the diagnostic status of 70.4 percent of patients (72.5% with schizophrenia). The pattern of presenting symptoms and clinical history differs in patients with psychosis due to PSUD and in those whose psychosis is due to schizophrenia. The model presented here contributes to the differential diagnosis of schizophrenia and ODD-OH among patients with PSUD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Differential Diagnosis of Substance-induced Psychosis and Schizophrenia in Patients With Substance Use Disorders

Rosenthal

Miner

1997

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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“…For example, Johnstone, MacMillan, and Crowe (1987) reported that 15 patients out of a series of 268 who met criteria for schizophrenia had identifiable evidence of organic disorder and, of these, 10 were found to be suffering from hallucinations. In a similar survey, Cornelius et al (1991) observed that organic hallucinations typically appeared suddenly and were most often visual.…”

Section: Aftereffectsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hallucinatory experiences.

Bentall¹

2014

Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence (2nd Ed.).

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“…Johnstone, MacMillan, and Crowe (1987) found that 15 patients out of a series of 268 who met criteria for schizophrenia had identifiable evidence of organic disorder and, of these, 10 were found to have hallucinations. In a similar survey, Cornelius, Mezzich, Fabrega, Cornelius, and Myers (1991) observed that organic hallucinations usually appeared suddenly and were often visual. Schneider's (1959) view that hallucinations in the absence of demonstrable organic pathology should be attributed to schizophrenia is reflected in modem surveys of the symptoms experienced by psychiatric patients.…”

Section: Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 89%

Hallucinatory experiences.

Bentall¹

Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence.

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HALLUCINATORY EXPERIENCESRICHARD P. BENTALL "Since the 1920s textbooks of general psychology have differentiated hallucinations from errors of perception by the simple expedient of locating them in separate chapters" (Sarbin & Juhasz, 1967, p. 353). This separation of phenomena that might otherwise have been thought of as connected reflects a persistent assumption that hallucinations are products of psychiatric disorder that have little to do with normal cognition. Perhaps because of this assumption, psychological research into hallucinations has not flourished until quite recently, investigators preferring instead to focus on groups of psychiatric patients defined in terms of broad diagnostic criteria for conditions such as schizophrenia or manic depression.

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Characterizing organic hallucinosis

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Differential Diagnosis of Substance-induced Psychosis and Schizophrenia in Patients With Substance Use Disorders

Differential Diagnosis of Substance-induced Psychosis and Schizophrenia in Patients With Substance Use Disorders

Hallucinatory experiences.

Hallucinatory experiences.

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