Characterizing Motor Control of Mastication With Soft Actor-Critic

Abdi, Ali A.; Sagl, Benedikt; Srungarapu, Venkata Praneeth; Stavness, Ian; Prisman, Eitan; Abolmaesumi, Purang; Fels, Sidney

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00188

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…The masticatory system is defined as a functional complex characterized by a multitude of components including bones, teeth, soft tissues, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and discs [ 1 ]. Two temporomandibular joints enable the motion of the mandible within a range of six degrees of movements (translation along and rotation around three mutually perpendicular axes) [ 1 , 2 ]. The motion of the mandible triggers the coactivation of 16 groups of mandibular muscles, which results in cumulative force interplay within the teeth [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Occlusion before and after Soft Tissue Mobilization in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder—Myofascial Pain with Referral

Kuć

Szarejko²,

Gołębiewska

2021

IJERPH

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The aim of the study was to evaluate occlusal parameters in patients with myofascial pain with referral before and after soft tissue mobilization. The study group consisted of 50 people (37 females and 13 males, average age 23.36 ± 2.14 years) diagnosed with myofascial pain with referral. All patients underwent triplicate soft tissue mobilization. Occlusal parameters were evaluated six times, before and after each treatment, using T-scan III. A decreasing tendency of the occlusion time was observed after the first, second, and third therapy. After the third treatment, the mean occlusion time in the entire study group was 0.119 s. The 1st soft tissue mobilization shortened both right and left disclusion times to 0.181 s and 0.185 s, respectively. After the third treatment, these parameters amounted to 0.159 s and 0.165 s, respectively. The Friedman test for the entire study group indicated that soft tissue mobilization altered the occlusion time and both disclusion times (p < 0.05). In conclusion, soft tissue mobilization affects biotensegrity of the masticatory system, thus modifying occlusal parameters. The occlusion time and both disclusion times cannot be considered as cofactors of the existing temporomandibular disorders—myofascial pain with referral.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Occlusion before and after Soft Tissue Mobilization in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder—Myofascial Pain with Referral

Kuć

Szarejko²,

Gołębiewska

2021

IJERPH

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“…This effect is most pronounced in the masseter muscle, so a case can be made that dividing the remaining elevator muscles would only impact the model’s accuracy marginally. Although several authors subdivided the temporal muscle into two or three sections, no clear anatomical separation could be observed between such portions, making the temporal multiple force vectors rather arbitrary in those cases [ 10 , 22 ]. Koolstra et al [ 21 ], on the other hand, were successful and described a clear method on how to divide the temporal muscles into three sections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both can be applied to record electrical stimuli in the muscles which, when combined with the resulting force output measurements, can be used to approximate a muscle’s acting force. The iEMG technique is, however, known to cause discomfort for the subject [ 10 ] due to the needle electrodes pinching the muscle. The effect of such invasive sensors on muscular behaviour is hard to fathom, mostly because of the inability to directly measure a muscle’s force in situ [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of such invasive sensors on muscular behaviour is hard to fathom, mostly because of the inability to directly measure a muscle’s force in situ [ 11 ]. The sEMG technique reportedly suffers from a higher rate of crosstalk, i.e., misleading signals coming from neighbouring muscles [ 10 , 12 ]. Furthermore, there are many concerns regarding the sensitivity, applicability, reliability, and reproducibility of EMG measurements [ 10 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sEMG technique reportedly suffers from a higher rate of crosstalk, i.e., misleading signals coming from neighbouring muscles [ 10 , 12 ]. Furthermore, there are many concerns regarding the sensitivity, applicability, reliability, and reproducibility of EMG measurements [ 10 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Contemporary Approach to Non-Invasive 3D Determination of Individual Masticatory Muscle Forces: A Proof of Concept

Merema

Sieswerda

Spijkervet

et al. 2022

JPM

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Over the past decade, the demand for three-dimensional (3D) patient-specific (PS) modelling and simulations has increased considerably; they are now widely available and generally accepted as part of patient care. However, the patient specificity of current PS designs is often limited to this patient-matched fit and lacks individual mechanical aspects, or parameters, that conform to the specific patient’s needs in terms of biomechanical acceptance. Most biomechanical models of the mandible, e.g., finite element analyses (FEA), often used to design reconstructive implants or total joint replacement devices for the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), make use of a literature-based (mean) simplified muscular model of the masticatory muscles. A muscle’s cross-section seems proportionally related to its maximum contractile force and can be multiplied by an intrinsic strength constant, which previously has been calculated to be a constant of 37 [N/cm2]. Here, we propose a contemporary method to determine the patient-specific intrinsic strength value of the elevator mouth-closing muscles. The hypothesis is that patient-specific individual mandible elevator muscle forces can be approximated in a non-invasive manner. MRI muscle delineation was combined with bite force measurements and 3D-FEA to determine PS intrinsic strength values. The subject-specific intrinsic strength values were 40.6 [N/cm2] and 25.6 [N/cm2] for the 29- and 56-year-old subjects, respectively. Despite using a small cohort in this proof of concept study, we show that there is great variation between our subjects’ individual muscular intrinsic strength. This variation, together with the difference between our individual results and those presented in the literature, emphasises the value of our patient-specific muscle modelling and intrinsic strength determination protocol to ensure accurate biomechanical analyses and simulations. Furthermore, it suggests that average muscular models may only be sufficiently accurate for biomechanical analyses at a macro-scale level. A future larger cohort study will put the patient-specific intrinsic strength values in perspective.

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Muscle and joint mechanics during maximum force biting following total temporomandibular joint replacement surgery

Woodford,

Robinson,

Abduo

et al. 2024

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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Total temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJR) surgery is the established treatment for severe temporomandibular joint disorders. While TMJR surgery is known to increase mouth-opening capacity, reduce pain and improve quality of life, little is known about post-surgical jaw function during activities of daily living such as biting and chewing. The aim of this study was to use subject-specific 3D bite force measurements to evaluate the magnitude and direction of joint loading in unilateral total TMJR patients and compare these data to those in healthy control subjects. An optoelectronic tracking system was used to measure jaw kinematics while biting a rubber sample for 5 unilateral total TMJR patients and 8 controls. Finite element simulations driven by the measured kinematics were employed to calculate the resultant bite force generated when compressing the rubber between teeth during biting tasks. Subject-specific musculoskeletal models were subsequently used to calculate muscle and TMJ loading. Unilateral total TMJR patients generated a bite force of 249.6 ± 24.4 N and 164.2 ± 62.3 N when biting on the contralateral and ipsilateral molars, respectively. In contrast, controls generated a bite force of 317.1 ± 206.6 N. Unilateral total TMJR patients biting on the contralateral molars had a significantly higher lateral TMJ force direction (median difference: 63.6°, p = 0.028) and a significantly lower ratio of working TMJ force to bite force (median difference: 0.17, p = 0.049) than controls. Results of this study may guide TMJ prosthesis design and evaluation of dental implants.

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Characterizing Motor Control of Mastication With Soft Actor-Critic

Cited by 5 publications

References 65 publications

Comparative Evaluation of Occlusion before and after Soft Tissue Mobilization in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder—Myofascial Pain with Referral

Comparative Evaluation of Occlusion before and after Soft Tissue Mobilization in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder—Myofascial Pain with Referral

A Contemporary Approach to Non-Invasive 3D Determination of Individual Masticatory Muscle Forces: A Proof of Concept

Muscle and joint mechanics during maximum force biting following total temporomandibular joint replacement surgery

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