Characterization of zinc oxide and zinc ferrite doped with Ti or Cu as sorbents for hot gas desulphurization

Pineda, Miguel; Fierro, JoséL.G.; Palacios, J.M.; Cilleruelo, Cristina; García, Enrique; Ibarra, JoséV.

doi:10.1016/s0169-4332(97)00183-9

Cited by 73 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is one of the leading regenerable catalysts and has been demonstrated to be a good sorbent for removing sulfur-related compounds at high temperature. [26,27] As a dielectric material, its physical, electrical, and optical properties have been studied for various applications. [21,28,29] In this Communication, we shall demonstrate a three-stage synthesis of twinned Zn 2 TiO 4 nanowires using ZnO nanowires as template, which could be further developed for controlled synthesis of ternary oxide nanostructures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Twinned Zn₂TiO₄ Spinel Nanowires Using ZnO Nanowires as a Template

et al. 2007

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One-dimensional (1D) semiconductor metal oxide nanostructures, such as nanowires, nanobelts, and nanotubes, have attracted considerable attention due to their prominent electrical, optical, and chemical properties and potential applications in nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. [1][2][3][4][5] However, the properties and applications of those nanomaterials are limited by their simple binary systems.[6] Therefore, synthesis of complex functional nanomaterials with controlled size and morphology, such as core/shell quantum dots, [7] nanowires and nanobelts, [8][9][10][11] heterostructures, [6,12] superlattices, [13] and nanotubes, [14][15][16] are highly desirable. Furthermore, 1Dternary nanocomposites, such as Zn 2 SnO 4 , [8][9][10]17] Zn 2 TiO 4 , [18] ZnGa 2 O 4 , [11,16] MgAl 2 O 4 , [14] CoFe 2 O 4 , [19] exhibit specific functions that are unattainable by common binary composites. Conventional synthesis methods of those ternary composites usually involve high-energy ball milling of two binary solid oxides [18] or a high-temperature solid reaction, [20,21] which are not suitable for 1D nanostructure growth. Only recently, syntheses of single-crystal ternary oxide nanowires and nanotubes have been achieved by using Ga 2 O 3 , MgO, or ZnO nanowires as template. [11,14,15] For face-centered cubic (fcc) nanostructures, twinning is probably the most common structural defect, especially in metal and metal alloy nanoparticles, [22,23] where two subcrystallites share a facet to form a mirror image of each other. Twinning is occasionally observed in binary systems, such as cubic ZnS and InP nanowires, [24,25] both of which have a preferential <111> growth direction. However, reports on the synthesis of twinned structures of fcc ternary nanowires are rare; [10] that is, the formation of twinned nanowires has yet to be revealed.Zinc titanate (Zn 2 TiO 4 ) is an inverse spinel, which has been used as a catalyst and pigment in industry. It is one of the leading regenerable catalysts and has been demonstrated to be a good sorbent for removing sulfur-related compounds at high temperature. [26,27] As a dielectric material, its physical, electrical, and optical properties have been studied for various applications. [21,28,29] In this Communication, we shall demonstrate a three-stage synthesis of twinned Zn 2 TiO 4 nanowires using ZnO nanowires as template, which could be further developed for controlled synthesis of ternary oxide nanostructures. Figure 1a-c shows the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of ZnO nanowires and ZnO/Ti core/shell nanowires before and after annealing, respectively. The as-grown ZnO nanowires shown in Figure 1a are randomly aligned, of about 40-60 nm in diameter, and 10 lm in length. It can be seen clearly that the morphology of the ZnO nanowires is reserved after coating with Ti (Fig. 1b). The surface is smooth and the diameter of the Ti-coated nanowires is increased to 70-100 nm. No aggregated Ti particles could be seen in Figure 1b, indicating a uniform deposition of Ti on ZnO ...

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confidence: 99%

Twinned Zn₂TiO₄ Spinel Nanowires Using ZnO Nanowires as a Template

et al. 2007

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“…Unlike zinc ferrite, only the zinc oxide present in the sorbent reacts with H 2 S. The aim of adding the TiO 2 phase is to suppress zinc volatility and to improve the structural stability of the sorbent (Lew et al 1989;Mojtahedi et al 1994;Akyurtlu 1996). It was also found by Pineda et al(1997) that the addition of Ti increased the stability of ZnO against reducing agents such as H 2 up to an atomic ratio of Ti/Znp0.5. The addition of Cu to zinc ferrite did not affect the stability, but improved the sorbent performance, enhancing the formation and migration of ferrite to the sorbent surface during the calcinations and regeneration steps.…”

Section: Zinc Titanatesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Cleaner energy production with integrated gasification combined cycle systems and use of metal oxide sorbents for H2S cleanup from coal gas

Atimtay

2001

Clean Products and Processes

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World primary energy demand increases with increases in population and economic development. Within the last 25 years, total energy consumption has almost doubled. In order to meet this demand, research into new sources of energy as well as improving the efficiency of energy production technologies is being carried out. In both cases, the production of clean energy is very important because of environmental concerns and regulations. Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology seems to be one of the most promising technologies for production of energy by using fossil fuels, especially coal. Hot gas desulfurization is a crucial issue in the development of the IGCC system. This paper reviews the importance of clean energy production, the IGCC technology and focuses on the development of several metal oxide-based sorbents used for desulfurization of the hot coal gas in the IGCC system.

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“…ZnO reduction into volatile Zn (g) is reported to occur for ZnO from 500°C [79,80]. This has led to the development of reduction resistant ZnO based trapping media (such as zinc titanate materials) for high temperature applications.…”

Section: H 2 S Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis Gas Purification

Chiche

Diverchy

Lucquin

et al. 2013

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Re´sume´-Purification des gaz de synthe`se -Les proce´de´s de synthe`se de biocarburants par voie Fischer-Tropsch (FT), voies B-XTL, repre´sentent des alternatives prometteuses pour la production d'e´nergie. Ces proce´de´s permettent la conversion en carburants de synthe`se de biomasse lignocellulosique, e´ventuellement mise en oeuvre en me´lange avec des charges fossiles telles que petcoke, charbons ou re´sidus sous vide. Pour ce faire, une e´tape de gaze´ification convertit la charge carbone´e en un gaz de synthe`se (me´lange de CO et H 2 ), lequel, apre`s ajustement du ratio H 2 /CO et e´limination du CO 2 , subit ensuite la re´action de FischerTropsch. Les gaz de synthe`se contiennent cependant de nombreuses impurete´s qui ne´cessitent d'eˆtre e´limine´es afin d'e´viter l'empoisonnement des catalyseurs Fischer-Tropsch. En raison de la grande varie´te´de charges pouvant eˆtre mises en oeuvre, la composition des gaz de synthe`se est susceptible de subir d'importantes variations, en particulier de part la nature des impurete´s (e´le´ments, spe´ciation) pre´sentes ainsi que leurs teneurs relatives. La composition des gaz de synthe`se est e´galement soumise a`des spe´cifications extreˆmement se´ve`res en terme de purete´lie´es a`l'importante sensibilite´aux poisons des catalyseurs FT. Pour ces raisons, la purification des gaz de synthe`se constitue un de´fi majeur pour le de´veloppement des proce´de´s B-XTL. Dans cet article, nous pre´sentons les principaux enjeux lie´s a`la purification des gaz de synthe`se. Les diffe´rents types d'impurete´s pouvant eˆtre pre´sentes dans les gaz de synthe`se sont pre´sente´es. L'influence de la nature de la charge, des technologies de gaze´ification ainsi que des conditions ope´ratoires associe´es sur la nature des impurete´s et leurs teneurs relatives est discute´e. Une attention particulie`re est porte´e au devenir des compose´s soufre´s, azote´s, des haloge`nes, me´taux lourds et me´taux de transition. Les principales technologies de purification des gaz de synthe`se (adsorption, absorption, re´actions catalytiques, etc.) sont finalement de´crites, ainsi que les de´fis associe´s.Abstract -Synthesis Gas Purification -Fischer-Tropsch (FT) based B-XTL processes are attractive alternatives for future energy production. These processes aim at converting lignocellulosic biomass possibly in co-processing with petcoke, coal, or vacuum residues into synthetic biofuels. A gasification step converts the feed into a synthesis gas (CO and H 2 mixture), which undergoes the Fischer-Tropsch reaction after H 2 /CO ratio adjustment and CO 2 removal. However synthesis gas also contains various impurities that must be removed in order to prevent Fischer-Tropsch catalyst poisoning. Oil & Gas Science and Technology -Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles, Vol. 68 (2013), No. 4, pp. 707-723 Copyright Ó 2013, IFP Energies nouvelles DOI: 10.2516 Due to the large feedstocks variety that can be processed, significant variations of the composition of the synthesis gas are expected. Especially, this affects the ...

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Characterization of zinc oxide and zinc ferrite doped with Ti or Cu as sorbents for hot gas desulphurization

Cited by 73 publications

References 15 publications

Twinned Zn₂TiO₄ Spinel Nanowires Using ZnO Nanowires as a Template

Twinned Zn₂TiO₄ Spinel Nanowires Using ZnO Nanowires as a Template

Cleaner energy production with integrated gasification combined cycle systems and use of metal oxide sorbents for H2S cleanup from coal gas

Synthesis Gas Purification

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Characterization of zinc oxide and zinc ferrite doped with Ti or Cu as sorbents for hot gas desulphurization

Cited by 73 publications

References 15 publications

Twinned Zn2TiO4 Spinel Nanowires Using ZnO Nanowires as a Template

Twinned Zn2TiO4 Spinel Nanowires Using ZnO Nanowires as a Template

Cleaner energy production with integrated gasification combined cycle systems and use of metal oxide sorbents for H2S cleanup from coal gas

Synthesis Gas Purification

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Twinned Zn₂TiO₄ Spinel Nanowires Using ZnO Nanowires as a Template

Twinned Zn₂TiO₄ Spinel Nanowires Using ZnO Nanowires as a Template