Characterization of Wastes and Coproducts from the Coffee Industry for Composite Material Production

Zarrinbakhsh, Nima; Wang, Tao; Rodriguez‐Uribe, Arturo; Misra, Manjusri; Mohanty, Amar K.

doi:10.15376/biores.11.3.7637-7653

Cited by 91 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ni showed the highest content, with 3.5 ± 0.2 mg kg −1 dw. Cd, Pb, As, and Ni concentrations are consistent with literature data or even lower [48][49][50][51], whereas Hg showed a 3-fold higher content than the one reported by Zarrinbakhsh et al (2016) [51], but of the same order of magnitude. It is known that coffee, such as other plant species used to prepare stimulant beverages, contains PTEs, which are present in different concentrations depending on several factors, such as soil profile, plant genetics, and meteorological conditions [48].…”

Section: Potentially Toxic Elements Content In Growth Substrate Ingresupporting

confidence: 91%

A Chemically Safe Way to Produce Insect Biomass for Possible Application in Feed and Food Production

Truzzi

Annibaldi

Girolametti

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, HI, Diptera, Stratiomydae) has great potential as a food and feed ingredient in the European Union (EU). The production of insects as livestock feed or as food ingredients requires strict monitoring of the content of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the growth substrate, to meet the security requirements. This study aims to investigate the presence of PTEs, like cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, and nickel, in HI prepupae and in their growth substrates based on coffee roasting by-product and microalgae Schizochytrium sp. and Isochrysis sp. Analyses were carried out via graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry for Cd, Pb, Ni, and As, and via Direct Mercury Analyzer for Hg. All element concentrations found in growth substrates were below the legal limit of undesirable substances in animal feed (2002/32/EC). Elements concentrations in HI prepupae were in the range (mg kg−1 wet weight) of 0.072 to 0.084 for Cd, 0.018 to 0.026 for Pb, 0.010 to 0.032 for Hg, 0.036 to 0.047 for As, and 0.18 to 0.76 for Ni. Even if HI prepupae accumulated Cd, Pb, and Hg, our results indicated that the risk of exposure to PTEs from HI prepupae consumption is relatively low and in compliance with EU regulations.

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Section: Potentially Toxic Elements Content In Growth Substrate Ingresupporting

confidence: 91%

A Chemically Safe Way to Produce Insect Biomass for Possible Application in Feed and Food Production

Truzzi

Annibaldi

Girolametti

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…It was confirmed that the SCG particles were combined with PP matrix (Figure 12). SCG is sieved with a size of 300-600 µm, but since the SCG form clusters, the size of each individual SCG particle is analyzed to be smaller, such as 10-20 µm, which is similar to previous studies [17,18]. In the case of HOMO-PP, the impact strength increased as the content of SCG was increased; the maximum value was increased by 52.8% when the SCG content was 30%.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Extrusion Compounding Process for the Development of Eco-Friendly SCG/PP Composite Pellets

et al. 2019

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As the consumption of coffee increases worldwide, the amount of spent coffee grounds (SCG) is gradually increasing every year. Some of these grounds are recycled for composting, but most are discarded, which causes widespread financial and social costs. We developed a bio-based plastic pellet by blending polypropylene (PP) with waste biomass SCG to convert it into a sustainable, recyclable eco-friendly material. It was confirmed that extrusion compounding for SCG/PP composite pellets and injection molding with good formability are possible. To evaluate the formability of the composite pellets, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) test specimens were prepared for evaluating mechanical properties by injection molding. As a result of the measurement of the test samples, the mechanical properties of SCG/PP composite pellets were generally lowered as the SCG content increased. However, the impact strength of SCG/PP composite based on the HOMO-PP matrix improved as the SCG content increased. In addition, Young’s modulus of SCG/PP increased as the SCG content increased. In the future, this study will be applied to manufacture of products that requires non-toxic products, such as disposable products and food containers, realizing commercialization of eco-friendly products and thereby replacing finite petroleum resources and practicing resource circulation and environmental protection.

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“…Currently, the Mill of study in Costa Rica is treating its coffee residue to produce compost, where the main material is based on coffee husk and coffee pulp ( Fig. 1) as coffee byproducts (Zarrinbakhsh et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each harvest at this Mill in Costa Rica, where wet process is the main method to process the coffee cherries, the coffee byproducts produced are approximately 37,000 Mg/year. Understanding greenhouse gas emissions formation is an important criterion in future evaluation options for climate change mitigation within the coffee sector (Rahn et al 2014;Nieters et al 2015). Coffee by-products are also the contributors to climate change as a result of their greenhouse gases emitted (Rahn et al 2014); therefore, their emissions play an important role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced composting as a way to a climate-friendly management of coffee by-products

Ruiz

Reiser

Kranert

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study investigated the performance of aerobic windrow systems by using coffee by-products and green waste to reduce gaseous emissions. Thereafter, a comparison with the current treatment and gaseous emissions at a Coffee Mill in Costa Rica was made. Two different studies where performed in Germany (pile I and II) and one study in a Coffee Mill in Costa Rica (pile III). Temperature, water content, and pH were the key parameters controlled over 35 days in all the systems. Moreover, CH 4 emission rates were quantified by a FTIR and by a portable gas detector device where the emissions reached values 100 times higher when coffee by-products as a unique material for the composting process was used. Results show that highest emission rates during the composting process for pile I was 0.007 g(m 2) −1 h −1 , for pile II 0.006 g(m 2) −1 h −1 , and for pile III 3.1 g(m 2) −1 h −1. It was found that CH 4 emissions could be avoided if the mixture and the formation of the windrow piles were performed following the key parameter for composting, and the usage of additional material is used. With this, the reduction of CH 4 emissions at the Mill in Costa Rica could be achieved in the future.

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Characterization of Wastes and Coproducts from the Coffee Industry for Composite Material Production

Cited by 91 publications

References 26 publications

A Chemically Safe Way to Produce Insect Biomass for Possible Application in Feed and Food Production

A Chemically Safe Way to Produce Insect Biomass for Possible Application in Feed and Food Production

Extrusion Compounding Process for the Development of Eco-Friendly SCG/PP Composite Pellets

Enhanced composting as a way to a climate-friendly management of coffee by-products

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