Characterization of two modes in a dielectric barrier discharge probe by optical emission spectroscopy and time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Bierstedt, Andreas; Panne, Ulrich; Rurack, Knut; Riedel, Jens

doi:10.1039/c5ja00332f

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The presence of these species can be mainly attributed to residual humid air remaining in the plasma reactor. The observed plasma species are in excellent agreement with earlier published OES results of helium discharges operating at atmospheric pressure (Asandulesa et al 2010;Bierstedt et al 2015). It is also important to mention that during He plasma treatment of the non-impregnated cotton sample the plasma is operating in a diffuse regime independent of the used plasma treatment time.…”

Section: Oessupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of liquid impregnation on DBD atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of cotton

et al. 2020

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This paper describes the He non-thermal plasma treatment of liquid impregnated cotton fabrics. The cotton fabrics were soaked in either H2O, D2O or ethanol after which they were placed in an atmospheric pressure parallel-plate DBD reactor. The influence of the used liquid in combination with the plasma exposure time was studied using OES, FTIR, XPS and SEM. The addition of (deuterated) water was found to aid more efficiently in the incorporation of polar functional groups onto the cotton surface in comparison to a pure He plasma treatment.The presence of H and OH species in the discharge also caused extensive etching of the surface, which led to the formation of microcraters. The impregnation with ethanol was responsible for the formation of a plasma-based thin film on top of the cotton substrate, which was characterized by a high content of C-C bonds and a smooth surface morphology. These results show that the soaking of cotton fabric prior to plasma exposure can help to more effectively alter its surface properties compared to a dry plasma treatment.

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Section: Oessupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of liquid impregnation on DBD atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of cotton

et al. 2020

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“…All detected species are in perfect conformity with previously recorded OES spectra of He plasmas generated at atmospheric pressure. [33][34][35][36][37] The presence of these non-helium species in a He plasma can be mainly accredited to the dissociation of humid air contaminations lingering in the reactor. [34,36] The characteristic presence of N 2 + (B-X) in helium discharges stemmed from reactions between highly energetic He metastables and ground-state nitrogen in a process known as the penning effect.…”

Section: Oes Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical surface analysis and germination at different irrigation conditions of DBD plasma‐treated wheat seeds

Molina

Lalueza

López‐Santos

et al. 2020

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Plasma treatment is increasingly being explored as an effective presowing treatment improving seed germination. This study examines the synergetic effect of the irrigation condition and the physicochemical surface properties of wheat seeds subjected to atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge plasma activation on their water uptake and germination. Extensive surface analysis revealed a remarkably enhanced wettability of plasma‐treated seeds due to the insertion of oxygen‐containing functionalities on their surface. However, long plasma exposures damaged the outermost layers of the pericarp due to a pronounced oxidative etching effect. Although the seed germination capacity was not affected by the plasma treatments, short plasma exposures were shown to enhance water uptake and accelerate seed germination, especially under water‐scarcity conditions.

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“…Ammonium can also be formed in direct analysis in real time experiments, in which metastable atoms (e.g., N 2 , O 2 , H 2 O) are used to induce ambient ionisation, 30 in significantly higher abundance than other plasma based ionisation sources. 31 Recently, Bierstedt et al reported that ammonium water clusters can be readily formed in a dielectric barrier discharge ionisation source operated at relatively high voltages (around 15 kV) 32 compared to the lower voltages operated in our experiments (2 kV). For the latter conditions, the temperature of the ion plasma is near ambient temperature (31.3 °C) and benzylammonium thermometer ions with very low barriers to dissociation (≥105 kJ mol −1 ) can survive ionisation intact for detection by mass spectrometry.…”

Section: Solid Phase Microextraction Low Temperature Plasma Mass Spec...mentioning

confidence: 44%

Solid-phase microextraction low temperature plasma mass spectrometry for the direct and rapid analysis of chemical warfare simulants in complex mixtures

Dumlao

Jeffress

Gooding

et al. 2016

Analyst

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Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is directly integrated with low temperature plasma ionisation mass spectrometry to rapidly detect organophosphate chemical warfare agent simulants and their hydrolysis products in chemical mixtures, including urine. In this sampling and ionization method, the fibre serves: (i) to extract molecules from their native environment, and (ii) as the ionization electrode that is used to desorb and ionize molecules directly from the SPME surface. By use of a custom fabricated SPME fibre consisting of a stainless steel needle coated with a Linde Type A (LTA) zeolitic microporous material and low temperature plasma mass spectrometry, protonated dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), diethyl ethylphosphonate (DEEP) and pinacolyl methylphosphonic acid (PinMPA) can be detected at less than 100 ppb directly in water and urine. Organophosphates were not readily detected by this approach using an uncoated needle in negative control experiments. The use of the LTA coating significantly outperformed the use of a high alumina Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5) coating of comparable thickness that is significantly less polar than LTA. By conditioning the LTA probe by immersion in an aqueous CuSO4 solution, the ion abundance for protonated DMMP increased by more than 300% compared to that obtained without any conditioning. Sample recovery values were between 96 and 100% for each analyte. The detection of chemical warfare agent analogues and hydrolysis products required less than 2 min per sample. A key advantage of this sampling and ionization method is that analyte ions can be directly and rapidly sampled from chemical mixtures, such as urine and seawater, without sample preparation or chromatography for sensitive detection by mass spectrometry. This ion source should prove beneficial for portable mass spectrometry applications because relatively low detection limits can be obtained without the use of compressed gases, fluid pumps, and lasers. Moreover, the ion source is compact, can be powered with a 10 V battery, and is tolerant of complex mixtures.

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Characterization of two modes in a dielectric barrier discharge probe by optical emission spectroscopy and time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge probe has been developed, which enables switching between two individual product channels yielding either protonated or ammoniated molecules.

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of liquid impregnation on DBD atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of cotton

Effect of liquid impregnation on DBD atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of cotton

Physicochemical surface analysis and germination at different irrigation conditions of DBD plasma‐treated wheat seeds

Solid-phase microextraction low temperature plasma mass spectrometry for the direct and rapid analysis of chemical warfare simulants in complex mixtures

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