Characterization of the powertrain components for a hybrid quadricycle

Santis, Michele De; Agnelli, S.; Silvestri, Luca; Ilio, Giovanni Di; Giannini, Oliviero

doi:10.1063/1.4952046

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The motor that was modeled was the standard Simscape servomotor. The battery model considered the discharge curve of a single cell [41] and the nominal and residual capacities. The UDC simulation was run in the Simulink environment using the efficiency maps to compute the actual power consumption of the torque-speed powertrain.…”

Section: Simulation Of An Urban Driving Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The motor that was modeled was the standard Simscape servomotor. The battery model considered the discharge curve of a single cell [41] and the nominal and residual capacities. The electrical capacity of the battery is a function of the time integral of the electrical current absorbed by the powertrain during the execution of the UDC.…”

Section: Simulation Of An Urban Driving Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Study for the Assessment of the Measurement Uncertainty Associated with Electric Powertrain Efficiency Using the Back-to-Back Direct Method

et al. 2018

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Brushless electric motors are used intensively in the industrial automation sector due to the motors low inertia and fast response. According to the International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 60034-2-1, the efficiency of a three-phase electric machine (excluding machines for traction vehicles) can be determined by direct or indirect techniques. In the case of small traction motors (<10 kW), direct methods are used extensively by manufacturers, even if no standard has been published or scheduled by the IEC. In this paper, we evaluated the accuracy of the (direct) back-to-back method for the estimation of the energy performance of a 3 kW brushless AC electric motor used in a light electric vehicle. We measured the efficiencies of a pair of motors and inverters, as well as the overall efficiency of the entire power train. The results showed that the methodology was sufficiently accurate and comparable with other indirect methods available in existing literature. Moreover, we developed a Simulink model that used the powertrain efficiency map as the input to perform the simulation of a standard urban driving cycle. The simulation was run 500 times to calculate the probability density function associated with the total range of the vehicle, considering the uncertainty of the efficiency that was determined experimentally. The simulation results confirmed the low deviation of the distribution standard compared to the average value of the range of the vehicle.

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Section: Simulation Of An Urban Driving Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The motor that was modeled was the standard Simscape servomotor. The battery model considered the discharge curve of a single cell [41] and the nominal and residual capacities. The electrical capacity of the battery is a function of the time integral of the electrical current absorbed by the powertrain during the execution of the UDC.…”

Section: Simulation Of An Urban Driving Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study for the Assessment of the Measurement Uncertainty Associated with Electric Powertrain Efficiency Using the Back-to-Back Direct Method

et al. 2018

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“…As a consequence of significant air emissions associated with car traffic, in recent years, the automotive industry has made substantial progress towards sustainability [3]. Cars equipped with electrified powertrains appear to have a key role in the transition towards zero CO 2 emissions and pollutants [4,5], such as particulate matters, nitrogen oxide (NOx), and sulfur dioxide. Furthermore, several authors have set 2020 as the turning point for the establishment of e-mobility in urban areas [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Realization of an Electric-Powered Hydraulic Pump System for a Waste Compactor Truck and a Techno-Economic Analysis

et al. 2021

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Most industrial trucks are equipped with hydraulic systems designed for specific operations, for which the required power is supplied by the internal combustion engine (ICE). The largest share of the power consumption is required by the hydraulic system during idling operations, and, consequently, the current literature focuses on energy saving strategies for the hydraulic system rather than making the vehicle traction more efficient. This study presents the preliminary realization of an electric-powered hydraulic pump system (e-HPS) that drives the lifting of the dumpster and the garbage compaction in a waste compactor truck, rather than traditional ICE-driven hydraulic pump systems (ICE-HPSs). The different components of the e-HPS are described and the battery pack was modelled using the kinetic battery model. The end-of-life of the battery pack was determined to assess the economic feasibility of the proposed e-HPS for the truck lifespan, using numerical simulations. The aim was twofold: to provide an implementation method to retrofit the e-HPS to a conventional waste compactor truck and to assess its economic feasibility, investigating fuel savings during the use phase and the consequent reduction of CO2 emissions. Results show that the total lifespan cost saving achieved a value of 65,000 €. Furthermore, total CO2 emissions for the e-HPS were about 80% lower than those of the ICE-HPS, highlighting that the e-HPS can provide significant environmental benefits in an urban context.

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“…Environmental management also plays an important role in the formation of environmental pollutants. In the area of energy conversion systems, attempts have been made to convert solar energy into automobile power (Santis et al, 2016) and electricity power for lighting, cooling and heating (Manni et al, 2018). New methods have been developed to assess emissions from internal combustion engines (Krastev et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation mechanism of environmental protection behaviours of community residents

Luo

Chen

et al. 2020

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the characteristics of environmental protection behaviours of community residents from the perspective of system dynamics. Design/methodology/approach Documentation method is used to collect the factors and environmental improvement intervention strategies that influence the environmental protection behaviours of community residents from the top journals. To analyse the characteristics of the environmental protection behaviours of community residents which are nonlinear and dynamic, system dynamics (SD) are drawn. The initial value for simulation is obtained from the investigation report of some communities in China by questionnaires method. Findings The simulation shows that a process of continuous and interactional feedback is formed among environmental improvement intervention strategies, living context, environmental behavioural intention and environmental protection behaviours. These influences affect how environmental protection behaviour is affected by frequency of community environmental publicity, frequency of community participation regulation and local government investment, all of which are significant and decrease successively. Living context and environmental behavioural intention, which are intervened by the three strategies, can promote community residents’ environmental protection behaviours and reduce the degree of environmental pollution in communities. Practical implications The goal of reducing the community environmental pollution may be achieved, because the community environmental management departments can use this system dynamics approach to intervene the environmental protection behaviours of community residents. Originality/value The nonlinear and dynamic interactions among influencing factors are illustrated for an in-depth understanding of the environmental protection behaviours of community residents in this study. In addition, the initial parameter value and correlation coefficients are obtained for simulation through the questionnaire survey given to Chinese community residents to avoid the subjectivity of system dynamics.

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Characterization of the powertrain components for a hybrid quadricycle

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Experimental Study for the Assessment of the Measurement Uncertainty Associated with Electric Powertrain Efficiency Using the Back-to-Back Direct Method

Experimental Study for the Assessment of the Measurement Uncertainty Associated with Electric Powertrain Efficiency Using the Back-to-Back Direct Method

Preliminary Realization of an Electric-Powered Hydraulic Pump System for a Waste Compactor Truck and a Techno-Economic Analysis

Formation mechanism of environmental protection behaviours of community residents

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