Characterization of the porous structures of the green body and sintered biomedical titanium scaffolds with micro-computed tomography

Arifvianto, Budi; Leeflang, M.A.; Zhou, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2016.09.026

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Where P gc-NC stands for the porosity of green compacts using needlelike carbamide as the space holder, P gc-SC stands for the porosity of green compacts using spherical carbamide as the space holder. Compared with a previous study [5], the slope and intercept of the two formulas were different. On the one hand, the slope was positive (i.e.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…It can be seen that the spherical fitting was higher than that of needlelike carbamide as the space holder, due to its abnormal at 20% content (see Figure 9(b)). In a previous study by Arifvianto et al [5], a linear relationship between x and P for the sintered compacts of porous titanium fabricated by using cubical carbamide as the space holder with its content in the range of 40-80% could be established and expressed mathematically by P = 1.07x-13.747 (R 2 = 0.996). In another previous study by Singh et al [20], a linear relationship between x and P for the sintered compacts of porous titanium alloy foams fabricated by using ammonium bicarbonate as the space holder with its content in the range of 50-80% could be established and expressed mathematically by P = 0.984x + 0.0128 (R 2 = 0.9999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The application of the model equation method in the preparation of porous copper by using needlelike and spherical carbamide as a space holder

Jian

Yunhe

et al. 2023

Powder Metallurgy

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The measurement and predictive functions of the model equation method in the preparation of porous copper were studied. Needlelike and spherical carbamide was used as a space holder with volume content between 10 and 80%. One step of heat treatment for green compacts was applied to fabricate porous copper. A criterion for determining the uniformity of external dimensions of porous copper was proposed. The results showed that the mass follows the law of conservation and the height of porous copper decreased as the increase of spacer content while there was no regularity for the diameter. The porosity of porous copper calculated by the model equation method was equal to those of by the mass volume method. The theoretical formula obtained to describe the relationship between porosity and spacer content of porous copper intersects with the empirical formula. The results indicated that the measurement function of the model equation method was easier to play than the prediction function.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of the model equation method in the preparation of porous copper by using needlelike and spherical carbamide as a space holder

Jian

Yunhe

et al. 2023

Powder Metallurgy

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“…Arifvianto el al. observed that the porous structural characteristics of titanium scaffolds manufactured via the space holder route did not significantly deviate from those of the green compacts [ 53 ]. Concluding that the final porous structural characteristics could be estimated from the green compacts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GAKTpore: Stereological Characterisation Methods for Porous Foams in Biomedical Applications

et al. 2021

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In tissue engineering, scaffolds are a key component that possess a highly elaborate pore structure. Careful characterisation of such porous structures enables the prediction of a variety of large-scale biological responses. In this work, a rapid, efficient, and accurate methodology for 2D bulk porous structure analysis is proposed. The algorithm, “GAKTpore”, creates a morphology map allowing quantification and visualisation of spatial feature variation. The software achieves 99.6% and 99.1% mean accuracy for pore diameter and shape factor identification, respectively. There are two main algorithm novelties within this work: (1) feature-dependant homogeneity map; (2) a new waviness function providing insights into the convexity/concavity of pores, important for understanding the influence on cell adhesion and proliferation. The algorithm is applied to foam structures, providing a full characterisation of a 10 mm diameter SEM micrograph (14,784 × 14,915 px) with 190,249 pores in ~9 min and has elucidated new insights into collagen scaffold formation by relating microstructural formation to the bulk formation environment. This novel porosity characterisation algorithm demonstrates its versatility, where accuracy, repeatability, and time are paramount. Thus, GAKTpore offers enormous potential to optimise and enhance scaffolds within tissue engineering.

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“…Xu et al [89] observed, for the Ti-35Zr-28Nb scaffold, that the porosity increased from 50% to 65% when the NH 4 HCO 3 volume content was increased from 63% to 79%, and the average pore size enlarged from 230 µm to 430 µm. For the titanium scaffolds sintered at 1200 • C for 3 h, the carbamide space holder showed a maximum specific surface area at its addition in 60-65 vol % [93]. An increase in sugar pellets' amount from 30% to 70% brought out porosity from 21% to 55% [84,85].…”

Section: Pore Shapementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The porosity and pore size are dependent on the kind of space holder and the ratio of the titanium biomaterial to a space holder. As the space holders, NaCl [80][81][82], sugar crystals [83][84][85], polypropylene carbonate [86], magnesium powder [87,88], carbonates [89][90][91][92], carbamide [93,94], and Mo wire [95] were used. The titanium hydride, which could decompose at elevated temperature, was also applied in powder metallurgy.…”

Section: Pore Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Material Determinants Influencing the Behavior of Porous Ti and Its Alloys Made by Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Biomedical Applications

Dziaduszewska

Zieliński

2021

Materials

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One of the biggest challenges in tissue engineering is the manufacturing of porous structures that are customized in size and shape and that mimic natural bone structure. Additive manufacturing is known as a sufficient method to produce 3D porous structures used as bone substitutes in large segmental bone defects. The literature indicates that the mechanical and biological properties of scaffolds highly depend on geometrical features of structure (pore size, pore shape, porosity), surface morphology, and chemistry. The objective of this review is to present the latest advances and trends in the development of titanium scaffolds concerning the relationships between applied materials, manufacturing methods, and interior architecture determined by porosity, pore shape, and size, and the mechanical, biological, chemical, and physical properties. Such a review is assumed to show the real achievements and, on the other side, shortages in so far research.

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Characterization of the porous structures of the green body and sintered biomedical titanium scaffolds with micro-computed tomography

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

The application of the model equation method in the preparation of porous copper by using needlelike and spherical carbamide as a space holder

The application of the model equation method in the preparation of porous copper by using needlelike and spherical carbamide as a space holder

GAKTpore: Stereological Characterisation Methods for Porous Foams in Biomedical Applications

Structural and Material Determinants Influencing the Behavior of Porous Ti and Its Alloys Made by Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Biomedical Applications

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