Characterization of the Local and Systemic Immune Responses in Patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Due toLeishmania major

Gaafar, Ameera; Veress, B; Permin, Henrik; Kharazmi, Arsalan; Theander, Thor G.; Hassan, A.M. El

doi:10.1006/clim.1999.4705

Cited by 40 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our conclusions regarding the role of CD8 ϩ T cells in pathogenesis and in the control of primary infection by L. major are consistent with clinical studies reporting high numbers of intralesional CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ T cells present during the acute stage of lesion formation and during the healing process (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50). The finding that CD8 ϩ T cells are essential for development of naturally acquired immunity to primary infection has important implications regarding vaccine design.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

CD8+ T Cells Are Required for Primary Immunity in C57BL/6 Mice Following Low-Dose, Intradermal Challenge withLeishmania major

Belkaid

Stebut

Méndez

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

279

253

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Standard murine models of cutaneous leishmaniasis, involving s.c. inoculation of large numbers of Leishmania major promastigotes, have not supported an essential role for CD8+ T cells in the control of primary infection. Recently, a L. major model combining two main features of natural transmission, low parasite dose and inoculation into a dermal site, has been established in resistant C57BL/6 mice. In the present studies, C57BL/6 mice with CD8+ T cell deficiencies, including CD8−/− and CD8-depleted mice, failed to control the growth of L. major following inoculation of 100 metacyclic promastigotes into the ear dermis. The resulting dermal pathology was minor and delayed. Lesion formation in wild-type mice was coincident with the killing of parasites in the inoculation site. Both events were associated with the accumulation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the skin and with the capacity of CD8+ T cells recovered from draining lymph nodes or infected dermis to release IFN-γ following coculture with infected dendritic cells. Reconstitution of resistance to L. major in RAG−/− mice using T cells from naive donors was optimal when both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were transferred. Primed CD8+ T lymphocytes obtained from C57BL/6 mice during the acute stage of infection were able to mediate both pathology and immunity when transferred alone. The low dose, intradermal challenge model reveals that CD8+ T cells play an essential role in both pathogenesis of and immunity to primary infection with L. major in the skin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

CD8+ T Cells Are Required for Primary Immunity in C57BL/6 Mice Following Low-Dose, Intradermal Challenge withLeishmania major

Belkaid

Stebut

Méndez

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

279

253

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“…It is well known that IgE develops its biologic antibody function after fixing the high-affinity receptor FC e RI on and high concentrations of this immunoglobulin in the sera of infected patients, is in accordance with previous observations of IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA in cells from biopsies of leishmanial skin ulcers (Pirmez et al 1993;Gaafar et al 1999).…”

Section: Anti Leishmanial Ige Antibodysupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative immune study on cutaneous leishmaniasis patients with single and multiple sores

2013

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Ninety-five Iraqi patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania tropica at AL-Karama Hospital in Baghdad were included in this study. Sixty patients were with single sore and the remaining with multiple sores. The study also included 10 atopic patients and 30 healthy individuals as a control group. Cellular and humoral immune response at different stages of the disease activity (early and late) were evaluated by estimation of serum IFNc, IL-4 and total IgE antibodies using ELISA kits while, the detection of specific anti leishmanial IgE antibodies was done manually. Specific IgE antibodies were only detected in early CL (\2 months) patients 68 (71.57 %) while, were not detected in late CL, atopic and healthy controls 30 (100 %). The results also showed a positive relationship between this antibody and the number of sores. Th-2 predominates during the early stage of the disease then shifts to Th-1 that proceed in the late stage, but both cytokines increased in CL patients in comparison to control group. The immune response of CL infection is possibly regulated by both Th-1 and Th-2. Multiple sores patients showed an increase of anti leishmanial IgE (0.120 ± 0.014), total IgE (120.7 ± 39.58 IU/ml), IFN-c (87.4 ± 30.52 pg/ml) and IL-4 (63.70 ± 20.32 pg/ml) levels than single sore patients with mean value of 0.108 ± 0.14, 92.3 ± 35.23 IU/ml, 47.2 ± 27.80 pg/ml and 51.04 ± 15.0 pg/ml respectively. It can be presented also as ratio of INF-c/IL-4 = 1.37 which is greater than those for single sore 0.9. These results indicated that the immune response of multiple sores patient's is higher than that with single sores.

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“…Ulceration appears a few weeks after lesion development. During early ulceration interleukin (IL-4), IL-10, and interferon (IFN)-␥ are reported to be expressed in the central part of the ulcer, 1 whereas the epidermis surrounding the ulcer is infiltrated with Langerhan's cells. Keratinocytes surrounding the ulcer up-regulate ICAM-1 and HLA-DR. Several histological profiles of ulcers have been described, possibly reflecting different stages of healing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammatory cells surrounding the lesion or ulcer typically consist of T cells (CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ cells), B cells (mainly plasma cells), and macrophages. 1 Focal macrophage granulomas, containing infected and destructed macrophages as well as extracellular parasites and necrotic material, may surround the ulcer or may be found in the midst of nonorganized inflammation or in the absence of other inflammatory processes. Local high expression of IFN-␥, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-␣ in the lesion has been correlated to healing (Th1-type response) and IL-4 and IL-10 to chronic infection (Th2-type response).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Contribution of the Fas/FasL Apoptotic Pathway in Ulcer Formation during Leishmania major-Induced Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Eidsmo

Nylén

Khamesipour

et al. 2005

The American Journal of Pathology

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Characterization of the Local and Systemic Immune Responses in Patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Due toLeishmania major

Cited by 40 publications

References 32 publications

CD8+ T Cells Are Required for Primary Immunity in C57BL/6 Mice Following Low-Dose, Intradermal Challenge withLeishmania major

CD8+ T Cells Are Required for Primary Immunity in C57BL/6 Mice Following Low-Dose, Intradermal Challenge withLeishmania major

Comparative immune study on cutaneous leishmaniasis patients with single and multiple sores

The Contribution of the Fas/FasL Apoptotic Pathway in Ulcer Formation during Leishmania major-Induced Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

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