Characterization of the crosslinking reaction in high performance adhesives

Patel, Jigneshkumar P.; Xiang, Zou Guo; Hsu, Shaw Ling; Schoch, Andrew B.; Carleen, Sena Ada; Matsumoto, D. S.

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2017.08.006

Cited by 84 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The improvements caused by changes in the formulation can also be studied, for example, the impact of different crosslinkers [66], stabilizers [107] or plasticizers. The introduction of new plasticizers had been the focus of Patel et al [118] in a common resin employed as adhesive, such as hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA). T 1 relaxation proved to be a viable parameter to compare the efficiency of different plasticizers and its change with concentration, according to the assumption that a higher T 1 is related to more hindered mobility, thus a more rigid system, which, in this case, depends on a higher crosslinking degree [118].…”

Section: Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Domain NMR in Polymer Science: From the Laboratory to the Industry

2019

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Highly controlled polymers and nanostructures are increasingly translated from the lab to the industry. Together with the industrialization of complex systems from renewable sources, a paradigm change in the processing of plastics and rubbers is underway, requiring a new generation of analytical tools. Here, we present the recent developments in time domain NMR (TD-NMR), starting with an introduction of the methods. Several examples illustrate the new take on traditional issues like the measurement of crosslink density in vulcanized rubber or the monitoring of crystallization kinetics, as well as the unique information that can be extracted from multiphase, nanophase and composite materials. Generally, TD-NMR is capable of determining structural parameters that are in agreement with other techniques and with the final macroscopic properties of industrial interest, as well as reveal details on the local homogeneity that are difficult to obtain otherwise. Considering its moderate technical and space requirements of performing, TD-NMR is a good candidate for assisting product and process development in several applications throughout the rubber, plastics, composites and adhesives industry.

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Section: Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Domain NMR in Polymer Science: From the Laboratory to the Industry

2019

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“…Water sorption in wood is closely related to the availability and accessibility of free hydroxyl groups. The degradation of hemicelluloses during hydrothermal treatment (Table 1) induced a reduction of the total amount of hydroxyl groups, including the free hydroxyl groups [34][35][36]. In addition, the relative proportion of crystalline cellulose is typically higher in TW than in KW, which might hinder the accessibility of free hydroxyl groups to water.…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure–property relationships of hydrothermally treated western hemlock

et al. 2018

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Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), mostly found in west coast of North America, is a highly underutilized and lowvalue timber species, partially because of the presence of wet pockets, which makes wood processing challenging, especially when drying and sawing. The present work studies the modification of western hemlock using a hydrothermal process, which induced significant changes in the chemical structure and physical characteristics of the wood. The treatment caused the degradation of hemicellulose and reduced the quantity of adsorbed water and free hydroxyl groups. As a result, the wood became less hygroscopic and exhibited improved dimensional and thermal stability with a darker and more attractive color. The hydrothermally-induced variations in the wood structure also influenced its mechanical properties. Flexural bending tests revealed that the specific modulus of rupture and specific maximum load decreased after treatment, while the specific modulus of elasticity increased. In addition, the hydrothermal process was successful in eliminating case hardening, which is typically caused by residual compression stress during conventional kiln drying of wood. These results reveal that hydrothermal treatment is a promising method to expand utilization and develop value-added wood products using low quality wood, such as western hemlock.

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“…T g can be controlled by the grafting of substituents on to the 4 position of the 4-methoxy-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-phenylaniline moiety [29,39]. Attachment of bulky substituents results in the increase of molecular weight and the rigidity of the compounds and thus increase their T g [40][41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Thermal Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional derivatives of dimethoxy-substituted triphenylamine containing different acceptor moieties

et al. 2020

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Two compounds, having dimethoxy-substituted triphenylamino groups and fragments of cyanoacrylic acid or rhodanine-3-acetic acid were prepared and characterized. Their optical, photophysical, thermal, electrochemical, photoelectrical and nonlinear optical properties were investigated. Both derivatives showed ability of glass-formation with glass transition temperatures of 83 and 61 °C. They showed comparable ionization potential values of ca. 5.20 eV. The compounds showed Kerr and two photon absorption effects. The dye containing a rhodanine-3-acetic acid fragment, namely 2-((E)-5-(4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)-tetrahydro-4-oxo-2-thioxothiophen-3-yl)acetic acid, exhibited a promising power conversion efficiency of 2.09% in dye-sensitized solar cells using the spiro-OMeTAD as hole transporting compound.Keywords Dimethoxy-substituted triphenylamine · Cyanoacrylic acid · Rhodanine-3-acetic acid · Dye-sensitized solar cell · Two photon absorption effect · Kerr effect Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https ://doi.org/10.1007/s4245 2-020-2120-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Characterization of the crosslinking reaction in high performance adhesives

Cited by 84 publications

References 27 publications

Time Domain NMR in Polymer Science: From the Laboratory to the Industry

Time Domain NMR in Polymer Science: From the Laboratory to the Industry

Structure–property relationships of hydrothermally treated western hemlock

Multifunctional derivatives of dimethoxy-substituted triphenylamine containing different acceptor moieties

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