Characterization of the chemical structure and innate immune-stimulating activity of an extracellular polysaccharide from &lt;i&gt;Rhizobium&lt;/i&gt; sp. strain M2 screened using a silkworm muscle contraction assay

Urai, Makoto; Aizawa, Takuya; Imamura, Katsutoshi; Hamamoto, Hiroshi; Sekimizu, Kazuhisa

doi:10.5582/ddt.2017.01045

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decapitated silkworm specimens were prepared using rearing 5-day-old (days were counted from the final molt) 5 th instar silkworms (17). Silkworms were fed artificial diet containing antibiotics (17). Fifty microliter of the sample solution was injected into the silkworm using tuberculin syringe with a 27-gauge needle, and the body length was monitored over 10 minutes after the sample injection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contraction value C=(x-y)/x was calculated for the length x cm of the silkworm at the beginning of the experiment and the length y cm at the maximum contraction. The contraction values for different sample doses were plotted, and the sample volume with a contraction value C of 0.15 was determined, and its activity was set to 1 unit (17).…”

Section: Silkworm Muscle Contraction Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fraction size was 2 mL/fraction, and each fraction was subjected to sugar quantification and silkworm muscle contraction assay. Sugar quantification was performed according to a previously reported method (17). Active fractions were pooled to obtain three fractions (fractions I, II, and III).…”

Section: Gel Filtration Column Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purification of immunostimulatory glucose homopolymer from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

Miyashita

Kataoka

Tsuchida

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We prepared broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) neutral polysaccharides (flow-through fractions of anion exchange column chromatography from hot water extracts) from different broccoli cultivars and compared their immunostimulatory effects in the silkworm muscle contraction assay. The cultivars showed a wide range of activity, with the cultivar 'Winter dome' showing the highest specific activity (more than 100 times higher than curdlan). Furthermore, the active substance was purified by gel filtration column chromatography. The active substance showed heterogeneous molecular weights of more than 270 kDa. Sugar composition analysis of the purified fraction revealed that more than 95% of its sugar component was glucose, suggesting that the immunostimulatory neutral polysaccharide from broccoli cultivar Winter dome was a homopolymer of glucose. The purified fraction also induced TNF production in cultured mouse macrophage cells. These results suggest that the glucose homopolymer in broccoli has an immunostimulatory effect on both arthropod and mammalian immune system.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Silkworm Muscle Contraction Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gel Filtration Column Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purification of immunostimulatory glucose homopolymer from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

Miyashita

Kataoka

Tsuchida

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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Exopolysaccharide Produced from Rhizobium spp. - An Interesting Product for Industry and Environment

Castellane

Sousa

Lemos

2020

CAPS

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: Most legume species, such as soybeans, beans, and clover, have the ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil, which promotes plant growth and productivity. Exopolysaccharide macromolecules are particularly necessary for binding the bacteria to root hairs and initiating the deformation of root hairs, thus trapping the bacteria to initiate root invasion through a tube-like infection thread. Very few studies have focused on the isolation and characterization of new rhizobial exopolysaccharides, despite their unique and specific biological and physicochemical properties. However, rhizobial exopolysaccharides may be studied in detail in the near future, for the development of suitable substitutes for xanthan gum. This review discusses some analytical strategies for characterization of rhizobial exopolysaccharide, the relation between their structure and properties, and a novel application of rhizobial exopolysaccharides. The potential application of exopolysaccharides and living cells as biosorbents has also been reviewed.

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Bacterial polysaccharides inhibit sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in silkworms

Ishii¹,

Matsumoto

Sekimizu

2018

DD&T

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Diabetes and obesity result from sucrose-induced hyperglycemia. Prevention of hyperglycemia contributes to inhibit the onset of these life-related diseases. Here we show that polysaccharides obtained from soil bacteria inhibit sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in an in vivo silkworm evaluation system. Ethanol precipitates of extracellular polysaccharides were prepared from viscous bacterial colonies. Among 24 samples obtained from different bacterial species, oral administration of 6 samples from Rhizobium altiplani, Cupriavidus sp., Paenibacillus polymyxa, Pantoea eucalypti, Variovorax boronicumulans, and Xanthomonas cynarae suppressed sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in silkworm insect larvae. The R. altiplani fraction treated further with DNase I, RNase A, and proteinase K, followed by phenol extraction also exhibited suppressive activity. Our results suggest that silkworms provide an efficient screening system of bacterial polysaccharides that inhibit sucrose-induced hyperglycemia.

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Characterization of the chemical structure and innate immune-stimulating activity of an extracellular polysaccharide from <i>Rhizobium</i> sp. strain M2 screened using a silkworm muscle contraction assay

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Purification of immunostimulatory glucose homopolymer from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

Purification of immunostimulatory glucose homopolymer from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

Exopolysaccharide Produced from Rhizobium spp. - An Interesting Product for Industry and Environment

Bacterial polysaccharides inhibit sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in silkworms

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