Characterization of the California technical bulletin 133 ignition source and a comparable gas burner

Ohlemiller, Thomas J.; Villa, Kay M

doi:10.1016/0379-7112(92)90023-6

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Three ignition sources were used in the test series. The propane burner in California Technical Bulletin 133 [21] was used for the sofa and bookcase tests. It consists of a perforated square 'ring' with an outer dimension of 0.25 m attached to a supply tube at the center of one side of the square.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire effluent component yields from room‐scale fire tests

et al. 2010

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SUMMARYEstimation of the time available for escape (ASET) in the event of a fire is a principal component in fire hazard or risk assessment. Valid data on the yields of toxic smoke components from bench-scale apparatus is essential to accurate ASET calculations. This paper presents a methodology for obtaining pre-flashover and post-flashover toxicant yields from room-scale fire tests. The data are to be used for comparison with bench-scale data for the same combustibles: a sofa, bookcases, and electric power cable. Each was burned in a room with a long adjacent corridor. The yields of CO 2 , CO, HCl, HCN, and soot were determined. Other toxicants (NO 2 , formaldehyde, and acrolein), whose concentrations were below the detection limits, were of limited importance relative to the detected toxicants. The uncertainty values were comparable to those estimated for calculations used to determine ASET and were sufficiently small to determine whether a bench-scale apparatus is producing results that are similar to the real-scale results here. The use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was useful for obtaining toxicant concentration data; however, its operation and interpretation are not routine. The losses of CO, HCN, and HCl along the corridor were dependent on the combustible.

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Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire effluent component yields from room‐scale fire tests

et al. 2010

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“…Because California TB 133 gives considerably higher flux levels [2], one could argue for a higher flux for small scale testing. However valuable this information might be, examination of what is happening during the critical propagation phase of a fire can lead to a clearer understanding of the results of a full scale prototype test.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interliner Effect on the Fire Performance of Upholstery Materials

Gallagher

1993

Journal of Fire Sciences

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Sample screening can be an effective tool for understanding the fire problem of upholstered furniture. A study of the contribution of the components of furniture construction to the heat release will permit the selection of materials which will be more likely to pass full scale tests. Component contribution is complicated by fabric treatments and the use of interliners. Unless the interaction of these components during the crucial fire propagation phase is understood, no direction for improvement can be obtained from either full or small scale testing. By identifying the relevant interactions the selection of upholstery materials can be made more judiciously.The heat release of selected foam/interliner/fabric combinations, using the Ohio State Heat Release Calorimeter, shows that the heat release contribution of various upholstery components can be identified. For foams covered with fabric, interliners generally improve the performance of those foams which pass California TB 117 while detracting from the performance of those which pass California TB 133 (with no covering). For certain fabrics which melt, the heat release at low flux is independent of the type of foam, or even the presence of foam, when a glass cloth interliner is used. Fabric backings are shown to contribute to fire propagation, particularly when no interliners are used. Because the heat release increases when the fabric is back-coated, thermal decomposition of the underlying foam is increased with an interliner.

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“…An alternative propane gas burner has been developed by NIST [9] based on the total heat released from the gas burner being equal to the total heat generated from the burning of 5 double sheets of newspapers. Although the newspaper represents a realistic source of ignition compared with an actual fire situation, there are those that question its reproducibility.…”

Section: Ignition Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Furniture Flammability Study Part I: Development of Full Scale Fire Testing Facility

Nurbakhsh

1991

Journal of Fire Sciences

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The California Technical Bulletin 133 is a flammability test method for seating furniture intended for public occupancies. In a joint NIST CBHF study TB133 will be examined in detail with a view to optimize it for a widespread acceptability. In Part I, the full scale fire testing facility at CBHF was modified to allow measurement of heat release rate. In a separate study at NIST a square gas burner was developed as an alternative to the TB133 newspaper ignition source. In Part II, a series of chair burns will be conducted at both CBHF and NIST in TB133 burn room, proposed ASTM room and furniture calorimeter to obtain correlations between upper layer temperature and heat release rate.

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Characterization of the California technical bulletin 133 ignition source and a comparable gas burner

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Fire effluent component yields from room‐scale fire tests

Fire effluent component yields from room‐scale fire tests

Interliner Effect on the Fire Performance of Upholstery Materials

Furniture Flammability Study Part I: Development of Full Scale Fire Testing Facility

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