Characterization of Thai Amulets: A PIXE Study

Won-In, Krit; Suksawang, S.; Intarasiri, S.; Thongleurm, Chom; Kamwanna, T.; Dararutana, Pisutti

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.324.505

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The sample was probed at the same position of SEM-EDS using a signal detector of Si(Li) with 6.2 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick (Model SL30170, Canberra Industries Inc., Connecticut, USA). Silicon with known concentration was used as a standard reference for PIXE analysis as conducted in previous research [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Quantitative analysis of chemical composition (for Z ≥ 13) was performed using GUPIXWIN code (GUPIX software for Windows version, Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada) [34][35][36].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Ancient Burial Pottery of Ban Muang Bua Archaeological Site (Northeastern Thailand) Using X-ray Spectroscopies

et al. 2022

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Ancient potteries found at Ban Muang Bua, located in northeastern Thailand, associate with Thung Kula Ronghai culture. Most of them are products used in daily life and grave goods. The potsherds were examined using techniques based on X-ray spectroscopy. Elemental composition and morphology were analyzed using proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Three-dimensional analysis was performed using X-ray tomographic microscopy based on synchrotron radiation (SR XTM). Irregular plate-like particles of composites with a wide range of size distribution were found in the potsherds. The major (O, Si, and Al), minor (C, Fe, Ca, and K), and trace elements (P, S, Ti, Na, Mg, and Zn) which were observed can provide the information about raw materials and production of pottery. The 3D tomographic images show the internal feature of these samples. The combination of SEM-EDS, PIXE, and SR XTM is a powerful tool for archaeological research especially in terms of composition and internal structure. The results imply that the raw materials of pottery were sandy soil derived from marine sands, clays, and salt deposits that were mostly iron-rich-kaolin clay. The production was carried out with low firing temperatures (~600–900 °C) in open-air kilns.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Ancient Burial Pottery of Ban Muang Bua Archaeological Site (Northeastern Thailand) Using X-ray Spectroscopies

et al. 2022

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X-ray spectroscopy study on Thai amulet of Phra Kru Nadune

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Thai Amulets are found in many forms in Thailand. They have been made by many different ethnic groups with different traditions. Phra Kru Nadune is one of the important amulets created in Dvaravati period that has been found at Nadune district, Mahasarakham province, northeastern Thailand. Many molds which are all terracotta have been used for production. Microstructure and composition of selected samples of the ancient amulets and the imitative one have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE). The results show that many elements are present as major (C, O, and Si), minor (Na, Al, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, and Zn), and trace elements (Mg, P, S, Ti, Cr, and Mn). Quartz, rice husk, orthoclase, anhydrite, and laterite are the base components, while zinc, copper, and bauxite are the characteristic components. These non-destructive techniques show obvious composition difference between the ancient (original) and new (imitative) amulets.

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SEM-EDS, PIXE and Raman spectroscopies analysis of Khlong Thom ancient glass bead, southern Thailand

Boonruang

Won-In

Dararutana³

2021

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Various colors of glass beads excavated at the Khlong Thom archaeological site in southern Thailand were characterized non-destructively using proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE), scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and Raman spectroscopy in order to determine the glass composition and production technology in ancient time. The results show that most of them are alkali-based glass matrices. Some of them are high lead-bearing glass. The glass compositions are approximately the same as the Mediterranean, Islamic, and Indian glasses, but with a higher concentration of aluminum. The colors are influenced by transition metal-ions content such as copper, iron, and manganese. High content of lead has been found in the samples with opaque colors, especially the yellow opaque. The corroded and flaked surface of the glass bead has been revealed by SEM. In a comparison of glass composition, it can be proposed that there is some relationship in production technology between Khlong Thom archaeological site and other sites: South-East Asia; South Asia; East Asia; Asia Minor; and South Africa. This information indicates the historical link of both land and maritime networks for long-distance trade and exchange in ancient time.

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Characterization of Thai Amulets: A PIXE Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of Ancient Burial Pottery of Ban Muang Bua Archaeological Site (Northeastern Thailand) Using X-ray Spectroscopies

Characterization of Ancient Burial Pottery of Ban Muang Bua Archaeological Site (Northeastern Thailand) Using X-ray Spectroscopies

X-ray spectroscopy study on Thai amulet of Phra Kru Nadune

SEM-EDS, PIXE and Raman spectroscopies analysis of Khlong Thom ancient glass bead, southern Thailand

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