Characterization of spray formed Al-alloys — A Review

Abstract

A review on the characterization of mechanical, metallurgical, porosity, tribological and corrosion properties of spray deposited Al-alloys are presented in this paper. Al-alloys are potentially used in various applications specifically in bearing materials, aerospace due to low weight to high strength, proper lubrication, excellent wear and corrosion resistance. Al alloys being processed through spray forming technology, which possesses lower processing steps than the other conventional methods like ingot and powder metallurgy. Characterization of Al alloys spray deposits is carried out before and after mechanical processes to know their behaviour. Reviewed the characterization deportment of Al-alloys before and after spray deposition, effect of mechanical process like cold rolling, extrusion, aging, hot rolling, hot extrusion etc. and porosity on the metallurgical, hardness, tensile strength, elongation, tribological and corrosion properties.

Effect of Hot Deformation and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of Spray-Formed Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys

“…Under the protection of inert gases (typically He, Ar, or N 2 ), alloy melt flows out through the delivery tube by its own gravity (tight coupling type), or falls freely from the bottom of the crucible directly by its own gravity (free falling type) to the atomization zone formed by the gas ejected from the nozzle. In the atomization zone, high-pressure gas atomizes the alloy melt into fine liquid droplets and sprays them onto the deposition plate; the droplets rapidly cool during flight (up to 10 3 -10 7 Ks −1 ) [15], finally landing on the deposition plate in a semi-solidified state, where the semi-solidified liquid droplets aggregate together, continue to cool, and eventually solidify to form the deposited blank. Materials produced by this process exhibit fine, uniform, and equiaxed microstructures, with low micro-segregation, high solubility, and excellent workability, which result from the fine and uniform microstructures [16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

“…Due to the differences in the solidification process of the alloy melt between spray-forming and traditional casting processes, materials prepared by these two methods show significant disparities in microstructural morphology. Com pared with ingots produced by conventional casting, those obtained from spray forming are noted to eliminate or minimize segregation, as demonstrated in Figure 2, due to the cooling rate being as high as 10 3-10 7 Ks −1 [15]. By the late 1980s, spray forming had begun to be commercialized [24], and currently, many institutions and companies are actively engaged in this field, including Sandvik Osprey Ltd., Sandviken, Sweden, Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China Heye Special Steel Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China, and Jiangsu Haoran Spray Form ing Alloy Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang, China.…”

Effect of Process Parameters on Microporosity and Nanomechanical Properties of Aluminium Cenosphere Composite Foam Developed by Spray Forming Route

“…adversely affects the cell wall properties of the foam. Though a few works of literature report the fabrication of aluminium foam by incorporation of cenosphere, however, limited information is available on the interfacial mechanical properties of cenosphere dispersed aluminium foam and a detailed study on the quantification of the past, it is reported that the microporosities are generated during spray forming and it the properties of the foam [20][21]. However, the of generated microporosity and their distribution throughout the matrix need to be investigated to know their effect on the local and average properties of the component.…”

A comprehensive review of the influences of nanoparticles as a fuel additive in an internal combustion engine (ICE)

“…On the contrary, the CO, HC, and NO x emissions of CuO additive reduced up to 5, 8, and 2%, respectively. The presence of excess oxygen and nanoparticles in diesel fuels improved the fuel properties and combustion efficiency, which led to lower BSFC and harmful emissions [92,93].…”