“…Due to the differences in the solidification process of the alloy melt between spray-forming and traditional casting processes, materials prepared by these two methods show significant disparities in microstructural morphology. Com pared with ingots produced by conventional casting, those obtained from spray forming are noted to eliminate or minimize segregation, as demonstrated in Figure 2, due to the cooling rate being as high as 10 3-10 7 Ks −1 [15]. By the late 1980s, spray forming had begun to be commercialized [24], and currently, many institutions and companies are actively engaged in this field, including Sandvik Osprey Ltd., Sandviken, Sweden, Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China Heye Special Steel Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China, and Jiangsu Haoran Spray Form ing Alloy Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang, China.…”