A comprehensive review of the influences of nanoparticles as a fuel additive in an internal combustion engine (ICE)

Abstract

Nanofluid is a colloidal mixture consisting of nano-sized particles dispersed in a liquid medium. It improves heat transfer properties and promotes high energy efficiency in a wide spectrum of engineering applications. In recent years, particularly in the automotive industry, the addition of nanofluid in diesel/biodiesel as an additive for ICE has become an attractive approach to promote enhanced combustion efficiency and emission reduction due to their superior thermophysical properties. Many researchers have previously demonstrated that the addition of nanoparticles in diesel/biodiesel fuel improved the overall engine combustion characteristics. As a whole, this study aims to summarize the recent research findings related to the effect of nanoparticles on the fuel properties and engine combustion efficiency. Furthermore, different types of additive blended with varying fuel properties are also compared and discussed. Lastly, the advantages and prospects of using nanofluid as an additive fuel are summarized for future research opportunities.

An Experimental Assessment of Combustion, Emissions, and Performance Behavior of Diesel Engine Fuelled With New Developed Biofuel Blend of Two Distinct Waste Cooking Oils and Metallic Nano-particle (Al2O3)

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Effect of Electrode Plates on the Engine Performance and Gas Emissions of a Four-Stroke Petrol Engine

“…The use of biodiesel engines in transportation and power generation has progressed in recent decades. The most recent research development trend focuses on developing a novel ICE with low emissions, energy savings, and high-efficiency performance [10]. However, biodiesel fuels have their respective limitations in producing a higher NOx, which leads to poor combustion performance [9].…”

Oxyhydrogen Gas Production by Alkaline Water Electrolysis and the Effectiveness on the Engine Performance and Gas Emissions in an ICEs: A Mini-Review

“…Additionally, pollution in the transportation industry is a source of worry. One of the most effective ways to limit GHG emissions is to reduce CO2 emissions by reducing fossil fuel consumption in the transportation sector [5][6][11][12]. CO2 is directly related to the fuel's carbon content and the fuel consumption amount [12].…”