Characterization of some Key Industrial Waste Products for Sustainable Concrete Production

Abstract

The use of environmentally friendly or green concrete to enable worldwide infrastructural development without increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is at the focal point of the global issues concerning sustainability. Aside from the concerted efforts by the key players in the construction industry to successfully replace in part or in whole, the conventional Portland cement with green or eco-friendly cementitious materials, the challenges of ensuring that the so called green or eco-friendly concrete performs up to the required expectation has been the focus of many researches. This study therefore, provides an overview of the various processing techniques for the industrial waste materials as well as the determination of the physical and chemical characteristics of the powders prepared from the respective waste materials. The materials were characterized using BET surface area analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), 45-μm wet sieving, 75-μm and 150-μm dry sieving, Specific gravity using density bottle and reactivity index (RI). The results show that FA and PBC are very similar in terms of their physical and chemical characteristic in comparism with POFA. Notwithstanding, all the materials satisfy the basic requirements of the relevant ASTM specifications and also falls within the limit specified by ASTM C 618 for class F fly ash.

Systematic Experimental Assessment of POFA Concrete Incorporating Waste Tire Rubber Aggregate

“…Furthermore, POFA contains opal, the formation of which resulted from the calcination of the organic constituents of palm oil fibres and shells. Similar results were reported by Altawir et al [ 91 ] and Hassan et al [ 29 ]. As shown in Figure 14 c, the influence of POFA addition in the concrete matrix revealed pronounced diffraction peaks at 2 θ values in the range from 16 to 30°, which were assigned to crystalline silica and alumina compounds, respectively.…”

“…[ 24 , 25 ]. For instance, inclusion of tire crumbs has great potential to enhance the acoustic insulation and ductility properties of concrete [ 26 , 27 , 28 ], and also brings sustainability and environmental benefits [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. However, a significant reduction in the strength prevents engineers from fully benefiting from this attribute [ 32 ].…”

Removal of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorus and COD from sewage wastewater using palm oil boiler ash composite adsorbent

“…Modification of raw POFA to composite POFA increased the surface area, and larger the surface area of an adsorbent larger the area available for adsorption to take place. Hassan et al [47,48] acknowledged that the microstructure of POFA has high BET surface area of 23.75 m 2 g -1 due to the dispersion of highly porous and irregular shaped particles. However, results show that composite POFA has better BET surface area of 48.6773 m 2 g -1 .…”

Guidelines for assessing the valorization of a waste into cementitious material: dredged sediment for production of self compacting concrete

“…Within these results, filters were applied to include different kind of wastes, as are "dredged sediment", and other wastes more typically used in concrete fabrication, as "industrial", "agricultural" or "demolition" among others (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). The results are given in Figure 1, where it can be deduced that even though there are a lot of contributions in this area, and society concerns about the reutilization of waste in concrete fabrication, the research is mainly focused on the reuse of several wastes, as industrial, demolition or glass, for most abundant.…”