“…Raman fundamental modes for anatase TiO 2 are appearing at 144 (E g ), 399 (B 1g ), 519 (B 1g ), and 639 cm –1 (E g ), respectively, whereas those of rutile occur at 143 cm –1 (B 1g ), 447 cm –1 (E g ), 612 cm –1 (A 1g ), and 826 cm –1 (B 2g ). 24 It is obvious that the positions of some Raman bands of TiO 2 and ZrO 2 are in close proximity because of which it is difficult to distinguish them in the spectra. Eight peaks can be observed at 180, 433, 510, 565, 663, 824, 887, and 947 cm –1 for the TZPPF film, and these peaks belong to the fundamental vibrations of TiO 2 and ZrO 2 .…”