Characterization of seven novel human papillomavirus types isolated from cutaneous tissue, but also present in mucosal lesions

Abstract

Seven novel human papillomavirus (HPV) types were isolated and characterized. HPV 94 is related most closely to HPV 10 and belongs to the genus Alphapapillomavirus, whereas HPV 98, HPV 99, HPV 100, HPV 104, HPV 105 and HPV 113 all belong to the genus Betapapillomavirus. These HPV types were isolated from and demonstrated in cutaneous tissue, but HPV 98, HPV 100, HPV 104 and HPV 113 were also detected in malignant oesophageal and oral lesions. The general prevalence of these HPV types in lesions is infrequent.The isolation and characterization of papillomavirus DNA from skin and genital warts revealed the existence of distinct human papillomavirus (HPV) types (zur Hausen et al., 1974;Orth et al., 1977). The large number of HPV types associated with mucosal lesions (reviewed by zur Hausen, 2006) and with the hereditary disease epidermodysplasia verruciformis (Orth, 1986) subsequently confirmed the diversity of the virus family Papillomaviridae. The initial rapid identification and characterization of HPV types associated with genital/mucosal lesions focused attention mainly on the large number of HPV types in the genus Alphapapillomavirus (de Villiers et al., 2004a). Availability of DNA-amplification methods facilitated the demonstration of HPV DNA in cutaneous lesions. Several subsequent studies attempted to associate specific HPV types with the aetiology of non-melanoma skin cancer in immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients (Shamanin et al., 1994(Shamanin et al., , 1996 Berkhout et al., 1995Berkhout et al., , 2000de Villiers et al., 1997;Forslund et al., 1999Forslund et al., , 2003bForslund et al., , 2007Asgari et al., 2008;Harwood et al., 2000Harwood et al., , 2004, whereas others demonstrated the presence of HPV in and on normal skin (Astori et al., 1998;Antonsson et al., 2000;Hazard et al., 2007;Chen et al., 2008). These studies all resulted in the identification of a vast spectrum of additional putative novel HPV types in the form of PCRamplified partial open reading frame (ORF) L1 sequences (Shamanin et al., 1996;de Villiers et al., 1997; Astori et al., 1998;Antonsson et al., 2000;Forslund et al., 2003a;.Full-length genomes of a relatively small number of these HPV isolates have been cloned and characterized (Delius et al., 1998;Forslund et al., 2003a;Vasiljevic et al., 2007Vasiljevic et al., , 2008. Definition of a papillomavirus type requires the isolation and characterization of a full-length genome in order to verify the genome organization characteristic of papillomaviruses (de Villiers et al., 2004a). We report here the isolation and characterization of seven novel HPV types, all of which were initially identified as partial ORF L1 sequences.The complete genomes of seven novel HPV types were amplified through rolling-circle amplification of cellular DNA and subsequent long PCR amplification (Leppik et al., 2007), using primers that had been designed on the respective partial L1 sequence on which the respective putative HPV types had initially been identified (de Villiers et al., 1997; Astori et...

Human Papillomavirus in Oral Lichen Planus of Japanese Patients

“…Recent studies have shown that oral infection with HPVs is associated with a significant risk of developing oropharyngeal cancer and OPMDs 10,20,21) . Although HPV infection has been detected in OLP tissue 11,20,[22][23][24][25] and HPV DNA is detected in OLP tissue more often than in normal oral mucosa 11,19) , there is no firm evidence as yet that HPV is a causative factor of oral cancer. The objective of the present investigation was to assess HPVgenotype distribution in OLPs of Japanese patients and also to clarify the relationship between malignant transformation in OLP and HPV infection using PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry.…”

“…Over 120 types of HPVs have been identified to date 19) . HPVs have been divided into low-risk (LR) and high-risk (HR) groups based on the clinical behavior of the virally infected tissues.…”

Implications of Human Papillomavirus Infections in the Biology of Head and Neck Cancers

“…They are classified by family, genus, species and types according to several criteria. More precisely, types are determined on the basis of sequence homology to the gene encoding the L1 protein, which is the most conserved gene in the HPV genome (Aubin et al, 2007;de Villiers et al, 2004;de Villiers & Gunst, 2009). The genotypes are also more commonly used to refer the different types.…”

Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases - From Bench to Bedside - A Clinical Perspective

“…They are classified by family, genus, species and types according to several criteria. More precisely, types are determined on the basis of sequence homology to the gene encoding the L1 protein, which is the most conserved gene in the HPV genome (Aubin et al, 2007;de Villiers & Gunst, 2009). The genotypes are also more commonly used to refer the different types.…”