Characterization of saliva in immunocompromised patients and tobacco users: A case–control study

Rani, Anjali; Panchaksharappa, Mamatha Gowda; Chandrashekarappa, Neetha Mellekatte; Annigeri, Rajeshwari G; Kanjani, Varsha

doi:10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_642_18

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although the biological samples were diluted, the presence of salts, proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules in the biological medium maintained to reduce the relative recovery compared to the pure water. [ 45 ] On the other hand, the concentration of albumin, glycoproteins, and other salts in the saliva is lower than in plasma, which can enhance the recovery of ETX in saliva [ 46,47 ] (see Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive determination of ethosuximide in human fluids by electromembrane extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet spectroscopy

Nabizadeh

Mohammadi

Dolatabadi

et al. 2022

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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Ethosuximide (ETX) is a common antiepileptic drug in the first line of absence epilepsy. In this study, for the first time, an economical and efficient electro‐membrane (EME) method for determination of ETX in a complex biological matrix using HPLC‐UV has been developed. Factors affecting conventional EME were evaluated. 1‐Octanol was immobilized in a polypropylene membrane and a voltage of 35 V was applied between two platinum electrodes for 15 min. The pH of acceptor and donor phases for ionization of ETX was adjusted to 13 and 11, respectively. Under optimal microextraction conditions, the enrichment factor was 21.02 and the linear range of ETX was 0.25 to 8.00 μg/mL with an acceptable R2 ≥ 0.9986. Inter‐day and intra‐day precision and accuracy of the suggested method were calculated with RSD < 9.5% and relative error <7.0%, respectively. The mean relative recovery of ETX in the human saliva and plasma samples was 81.68% and 74.47, respectively; while limit of detection and quantification concentrations were 0.08 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, to evaluate the application of the method, plasma and saliva samples of volunteers administering a single dose of ETX were analyzed successfully by EME‐HPLC‐UV method.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive determination of ethosuximide in human fluids by electromembrane extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet spectroscopy

Nabizadeh

Mohammadi

Dolatabadi

et al. 2022

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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“…Los efectos de la nicotina sobre el SNC se relacionan, por una parte, con una acción en sitios específicos de los receptores colinérgicos nicotínicos (nAChR) en la presinapsis y estimula la liberación de varios neurotransmisores como la dopamina y la noradrenalina, que juegan un papel importante en la adicción a la nicotina y en el síndrome de abstinencia respectivamente (54), Por la otra parte, con la estimulación del centro nervioso encargado de la estimulación de los núcleos salivales del Bulbo raquídeo (55) En un primer momento incrementa el flujo salival y posteriormente disminuye considerablemente (56,57), lo cual está en concordancia con estudios que sostienen que no hay diferencia en el flujo salival entre consumidores y no consumidores de tabaco (58).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Chimó: tabaco sin humo venezolano asociado a efectos tóxicos bucales y sistémicos. Revisión bibliográfica.

Asenso

Aular

Mobili-Rocaro

2021

salus

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El objetivo de la revisión fue analizar la evidencia científica sobre los efectos tóxicos del consumo del tabaco sin humo (TS) venezolano (chimó) en la cavidad bucal y a nivel sistémico. Fueron empleadas para la búsqueda las bibliotecas virtuales BVS, PubMed, Nature, Scholar Google y LILACS, utilizando la palabra en español: chimó, palabras combinadas: tabaco sin humo, tabaco de mascar, tabaco venezolano, patología bucal, patologías sistémicas; palabras en inglés: smokeless, smoked, tobacco; palabras en portugués: tabaco sem fumaça, se incluyeron artículos libres y artículos completos, tomando como criterios de inclusión y exclusión, que abordaran el tema del chimó y su relación a efectos tóxicos a nivel sistémico y bucal, que no fuesen estudios de prevalencia e incidencia y que hayan sido publicados a partir del año 2000. Fueron seleccionados un total de 61 (sesenta y uno) artículos en inglés, portugués y español que consideran el TS, incluyendo 14 (catorce) estudios observacionales, descriptivos y explicativos, que valoran los efectos sobre la cavidad bucal y sistémicos del chimo venezolano. Los resultados mostraron que existen pocos estudios con evidencia científica que respalde el papel etiológico del chimó venezolano en los procesos patológicos bucales y sistémicos. No obstante, la existente coincide con los efectos adversos a la salud que son atribuidos al tabaco de combustión, tales como enfermedad cardiovascular, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, cáncer, enfermedades metabólicas y a nivel bucal (lesiones pigmentadas en el tejido duro dental y en tejidos blandos, leucoplasias, eritroplasias; desórdenes potencialmente malignos), enfermedad periodontal, cáncer bucal, que están relacionados con estrés oxidativo, lesiones del ADN, lo que lleva a inestabilidad genómica y muerte celular producidos por la nicotina y la cotinina (su principal metabolito). Se requieren más estudios para profundizar en los efectos tóxicos del chimó venezolano en la salud bucal y a nivel sistémico en los consumidores.

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Saliva as a potential matrix for evaluating pharmacologically active dolutegravir concentration in plasma

et al. 2021

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Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is used in certain clinically selected cases and in research settings to optimize the response to antiretroviral therapy. Plasma of blood is commonly used for TDM, but blood sampling is invasive and at risk for transmission of infectious agents. On the other hand, saliva sampling is noninvasive, safe, cheap, and easily performed compared to blood. Dolutegravir (DTG) is now widely prescribed as a key component of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. In this study, we examined the relationship between DTG concentrations in plasma and saliva of treated patients to explore the possibility of using saliva as an alternative body fluid of TDM. A total of 17 pairs of blood and saliva samples were obtained from 15 consented HIV-1-infected subjects treated with DTG containing regimens for more than one month. Both blood and saliva samples were collected within 1 h of each other. Drug concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using DTG-d5 as an internal standard. The LLOQ was 0.5 ng/mL. The calibration curves were prepared with pooled plasma or saliva containing DTG in a range of 0.5–100 ng/mL with precision of <14.4% and accuracy within ±14.7%. The DTG concentrations in the plasma and saliva were significantly correlated (Pearson’s correlation coefficient r = 0.76, p < 0.001). The median ratio of the drug concentration in saliva to those in plasma was 0.0056, which is close to the rate of non-protein-bound DTG in plasma (0.70%), suggesting that only free DTG in plasma is transported to the salivary glands and secreted into saliva. The present study demonstrates that DTG concentration in saliva reflects the pharmacologically active drug concentration in plasma and may provide an easily accessible alternative for monitoring effective antiretroviral treatment.

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Characterization of saliva in immunocompromised patients and tobacco users: A case–control study

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Sensitive determination of ethosuximide in human fluids by electromembrane extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet spectroscopy

Sensitive determination of ethosuximide in human fluids by electromembrane extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet spectroscopy

Chimó: tabaco sin humo venezolano asociado a efectos tóxicos bucales y sistémicos. Revisión bibliográfica.

Saliva as a potential matrix for evaluating pharmacologically active dolutegravir concentration in plasma

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