Characterization of red mud as a structural fill and embankment material using bioremediation

Panda, Ipsita; Jain, Surabhi; Das, Sarat Kumar; Jayabalan, R.

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.11.026

Cited by 52 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Under 25 • C and static position, the fluoride removal rate can reach more than 98%. Panda et al studied the effects of modification and adsorption of F ions in wastewater by the Bayer method [67]. Results show that the effect of RM on the removal of F ions in wastewater is evidently improved, thereby making it easy to be recycled.…”

Section: Removal Of Fluorine (F)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Red Mud in Wastewater Treatment

Wang

Lyu

et al. 2019

Minerals

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Red mud (RM) is an industrial waste produced in large amounts during alumina extraction from bauxite. Its disposal generates serious environmental pollution due to high alkalinity. Therefore, a strategy for the effective utilization of RM must be developed. For instance, RM may be transformed into useful products, such as adsorbents. Given its high concentrations of aluminum oxides, iron oxides, titanium oxides, silica oxides, and hydroxides, RM may be developed as a cheap adsorbent for the removal of various ions from aqueous solution and soils (e.g., metal and non-metal ions, phenolic compounds, and dyes) and waste gas purification (sulfide and carbide). This review summarizes the background, properties, and applications of RM as an adsorbent. Proper approaches of removing metal and non-metal elements from wastewater are also systematically reviewed and compared. Emphasis is placed on the surface modification of RM to obtain high adsorption. Finally, the scope for future research in this area for RM is discussed in depth.

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Section: Removal Of Fluorine (F)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Red Mud in Wastewater Treatment

Wang

Lyu

et al. 2019

Minerals

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“…The global inventory of RM waste has been increasing at an approximate rate of 120 million tons per year (Power et al, 2011). Because of its high alkalinity (pH 10.5-13.0) (Klauber et al, 2011;Panda et al, 2017), the disposal and storage of the vast amounts of RM is a major challenge, which can cause problems such as groundwater contamination, air pollution, and occupation of a large land area (Kirwan et al, 2013;Xue et al, 2016b). However, RM is not considered a hazardous material in many countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of nickel and iron from low–grade laterite ore and red mud using co–reduction roasting: Industrial-scale test

Guo

Chen

Wang

et al. 2021

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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In this study, the effects of red mud (RM) dosage during the co-reduction roasting of lowgrade laterite ore and RM were investigated. The expanded test was conducted under the following optimized conditions: RM-1 dosage of 15 wt%, anthracite dosage of 13 wt%, a roasting temperature of 1300 o C, and roasting time of 3 h. Ferronickel powder was obtained with a nickel grade of 1.95 wt%, iron grade of 83.25 wt%, and nickel and total iron recoveries of 94.71 wt% and 95.98 wt%, respectively. The addition of RM improved the recovery of nickel and total iron in ferronickel powder. The reason was because of the increased intensity of the diffraction peaks of kamacite and iron, and the ferronickel particles grown due to the liquid phase were easier to achieve at a lower melting point. The industrialscale test results showed that ferronickel powder was obtained with average nickel and total iron grades of 1.76 wt% and 86.46 wt%, respectively, which indicated the successful industrial-scale test of coreduction roasting. Thermodynamic analysis theoretically illustrated the feasibility of the co-reduction of low-grade laterite ore and RM. Increased roasting temperature promoted the reduction of iron oxide and nickel oxide.

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“…[1] According to the statistics, the global stock of RM has reached nearly 4 billion tons by 2015, [2] and also with the annual production increasing by approximately 150 million tons. [3,4] It is reported that red mud has the characteristics of difficult processing, low utilization rate and high alkalinity (pH 10-13 in water), [5] which causes it to not only waste resources, but also environmental pollution. [6] Nowadays, the main aim of aluminum industry in the world is to deal with red mud through three ways, for example, dumping in the sea, building dams to store or landfill to dispose the RM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal aging, physico‐mechanical, dynamic mechanical properties of chlorinated polyethylene/red mud composites

et al. 2020

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Industrial waste red mud (RM) was filled in the chlorinated polyethylene rubber (CPE) to replace carbon black (CB) at various ratios, that is, RM/CB (40/20, 20/40, 10/50, 5/55, 0/60) in the production of CPE/RM composite materials. The mechanical and thermal properties of CPE/RM with varied proportion of RM and CB were studied. The tensile strength of the CPE/RM/CB composite were improved compare to without RM (ie, improved from 10 to 14 MPa) and thermal degradation temperature (T d2) has improved from 435 C to 445 C, when the content of red mud was 20 phr. After aging for 3 days, the hardness and tensile strength of CPE/RM/CB composites were improved, that is, increment in hardness by 10 shore A and tensile strength by 2 MPa. CPE shows good thermal stability (with T d2 = 445 C) with the increment of RM and CB proportion, noticeably, when the ratio of red mud/carbon black is 20/40. The analysis by RPA (Rubber Process Analyzer) showed Payne effect became apparent when the amount of red mud was more than 20 phr. The compound with 60 phr CB load showed the largest elastic modulus G 0 which decreased fastest at strain 0.28%, almost as the same as 40/20 CB/RM, but the elastic modulus G 0 of 40/20 CB/RM showed a slight decrease when the strain exceeded 65%. The overall properties of the composite filled with 20 phr red mud were better in comparison with other varied ratios. The developed composite can be used to manufacture plastic runway or rubber hose.

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Characterization of red mud as a structural fill and embankment material using bioremediation

Cited by 52 publications

References 37 publications

Application of Red Mud in Wastewater Treatment

Application of Red Mud in Wastewater Treatment

Recovery of nickel and iron from low–grade laterite ore and red mud using co–reduction roasting: Industrial-scale test

Thermal aging, physico‐mechanical, dynamic mechanical properties of chlorinated polyethylene/red mud composites

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