Characterization of PTV-12, a newly described porcine teschovirus serotype: in vivo infection and cross-protection studies

Abstract

Porcine teschoviruses (PTVs) constitute 1 of the 31 genera within the Picornaviridae family, comprising at least 13 genetic types (PTV-1 to PTV-13), of which only 11 (PTV-1 to PTV-11) have been recognized as serotypes to date. Specific for swine and wild boars, most PTVs are usually non-pathogenic, but some viral variants cause severe disorders in the central nervous system (Teschen disease) or milder signs (Talfan disease), as well as reproductive, digestive and respiratory disorders and skin lesions. Previous studies revealed a high diversity of teschoviruses circulating in Spanish pig populations. Phylogenetic analysis performed with these sequences and others available in GenBank disclosed 13 clusters, 11 of which corresponded to the known PTV serotypes, and 1 of 2 additional groups is represented by isolate CC25, whose full-length genomic sequence has been obtained. This group is new to science, and was putatively named PTV-12. Here, a complete characterization of this isolate is presented, including the experimental infection of minipigs to assess tissue tropism and possible pathogenicity in vivo in the host species. In addition, using this experimental animal model, we investigated whether a pre-existing infection with this PTV-12 isolate could confer cross-protection against infection with a heterotypic PTV-1 virulent strain. Based on phylogenetic analysis and serological data, we propose CC25 as the prototype strain of a new teschovirus serotype, PTV-12.

Antiviral Properties of Cerium Nanoparticles

“…In Fig. 5c, the viral particle has significantly larger size than typical both according to the literature (Cano-Gómez et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2010;Knowles, 2006;Yamada et al, 2014; https://viralzone.expasy. org/659), and according to the results of the study.…”

“…5b, viral particles have sizes typical of teschoviruses, although in Fig. 5b the diameter of the viral particles approaches the lower boundary of typical values known from the literature (Cano-Gómez et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2010;Knowles, 2006;Yamada et al, 2014; https:// viralzone.expasy.org/659), and the typical values established for the Dniprovskyi-34 strain are much smaller according to the results of the study. In Fig.…”

Prediction of Potential Epitopes for Peptide Vaccine Formulation Against Teschovirus A Using Immunoinformatics

“…Teschovirus A was formerly known as Porcine Teschovirus (PTV) (Cano-Gómez et al 2017) and it causes infectious diseases in wild boars and swine. The diseases include enchephalomyelitis, diarrhoea, myocarditis, pneumonia and reproductive loses (Long et al 1966;Knowles 2008;Chiu et al 2012).…”

“…Teschovirus A is a non-enveloped virus. It consists of a positive sense single-stranded RNA of size 7.1 kb in its genome and codes for only one polyprotein (Cano-Gómez and Jiménez-Clavero 2016;Cano-Gómez et al 2017). The virus is round in shape with a diameter of 30 nm (Zell et al 2005;Cano-Gómez et al 2017).…”

“…It consists of a positive sense single-stranded RNA of size 7.1 kb in its genome and codes for only one polyprotein (Cano-Gómez and Jiménez-Clavero 2016;Cano-Gómez et al 2017). The virus is round in shape with a diameter of 30 nm (Zell et al 2005;Cano-Gómez et al 2017). In Teschovirus A, three precursor viral polypeptides arise when the polyprotein is nicked and further nicking of each results into several components, namely a leader (L) protein, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D), a protease (3C), a virus-encoded peptide (3B), four structural proteins (VP1, VP2, VP3 and VP4) and four non-structural proteins (3A, 2A, 2B and 2C) (Manuelidis et al 1954;Zell et al 2001;Zell et al 2005).…”