Characterization of Progesterone Derivatives by LC-DAD-ESI/MSn and Its Application to the Identification of Impurities in Flurogestone Acetate

Do not just do it, do it right: urinary metabolomics –establishing clinically relevant baselines

“…RPLC conjugated to MS can be useful for separation and detection of semi‐polar/nonpolar compounds (Bowen and Northern, ) like flavonoids (Tache et al ., ), glycosylated proteins and steroids (Zhang et al ., , ), alkaloids (Colegate and Gardner, ), triaclyglycerols (Sommer et al ., ), fatty‐acid esters (Garcia‐de Blas et al ., ) and phenolic acids (Bravo et al ., ). Owing to the diversity of chemical nature of small molecules in bio‐fluids, the elucidation of the metabolome is particularly challenging.…”

“…Metabolomics using a variety of analytical technologies has attracted interest from a multitude of fields including toxicology (Liu et al ., ; Robertson et al ., ), plant physiology (Weckwerth, ; Guy et al ., ) and biomedical/biomarker research (Koek et al ., ; Zhang et al ., , ; Ramautar et al ., ; Vinayavekhin et al ., ; Quinones and Kaddurah‐Daouk, ; Denery et al ., ; Armitage & Barbas, ; Kamlage et al ., ; Perez‐Cornago et al ., ; Xu et al ., ). Improved detection capacity of various instrumental techniques in biomedical research has increased the interest in the global metabolic profiling.…”

Matching Shotgun Metabolomic Ions from Urine Samples to Reference Standards and the HMDB Database for Metabolite Identification: It is Not as Straight-Forward as You Think

“…The m/z of 255.2 and 133.1 are not registered in the HMDB as known progesterone MS/ MS spectral fragments. Zhang et al [12], using tandem MS conditions, reported that majority of fragmentations occurred by the cleavage of peripheral groups followed by the cleavage of the rings [12]. The cleavage of ring A with intact C=O and CH 3 groups may give the fragment with m/z of 109.07 and formula of C 7 H 9 O • .…”

Advances in the analysis of steroid hormone drugs in pharmaceuticals and environmental samples (2004–2010)

“…Further studies, elucidating the structures of impurities in budesonide [47,48], sprironolactone [49,50], megestrol acetate [51], flurogestone acetate [52], dutasteride [53] and degradation products in mometasone furoate [54] using methodological approach as outlined above are also worth mentioning.…”